Animal models for meniscus repair and regeneration

Deponti, D.; Giancamillo, A. Di; Scotti, Celeste; Peretti, Giuseppe M.; Martin, Ivan

doi:10.1002/term.1760

Cited by 58 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…To further evaluate imaging capability in vivo , labelled cell populations were resuspended in a collagen type I gel, a substrate widely used in cartilage tissue engineering (Deponti et al ., ), injected into a porcine knee model (Chiang et al ., ) and MR‐imaged using specific T 2 ‐weighted sequences (Figure C). In this clinically relevant model, the effect of particle concentration on MRI detection was analysed by implanting varying cell doses (10 4 , 10 5 and 5 × 10 6 ) of SiMAG‐labelled cells to determine the visibility threshold, using two particle concentrations (5 and 10 μg/ml).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous magnetic labelling of functional mesenchymal stem cells for improved traceability and spatial control in cell therapy applications

Harrison

Markides

Morris

et al. 2016

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a valuable resource for regenerative medicine treatments for orthopaedic repair and beyond. Following developments in isolation, expansion and differentiation protocols, efforts to promote clinical translation of emerging cellular strategies now seek to improve cell delivery and targeting. This study shows efficient live MSC labelling using silica‐coated magnetic particles (MPs), which enables 3D tracking and guidance of stem cells. A procedure developed for the efficient and unassisted particle uptake was shown to support MSC viability and integrity, while surface marker expression and MSC differentiation capability were also maintained. In vitro, MSCs showed a progressive decrease in labelling over increasing culture time, which appeared to be linked to the dilution effect of cell division, rather than to particle release, and did not lead to detectable secondary particle uptake. Labelled MSC populations demonstrated magnetic responsiveness in vitro through directed migration in culture and, when seeded onto a scaffold, supporting MP‐based approaches to cell targeting. The potential of these silica‐coated MPs for MRI cell tracking of MSC populations was validated in 2D and in a cartilage repair model following cell delivery. These results highlight silica‐coated magnetic particles as a simple, safe and effective resource to enhance MSC targeting for therapeutic applications and improve patient outcomes. © 2016 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous magnetic labelling of functional mesenchymal stem cells for improved traceability and spatial control in cell therapy applications

Harrison

Markides

Morris

et al. 2016

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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“…The different positions of the implants in the animal trochlea could have influenced the quality of the repaired tissue; however, the rotation of the sites of the different treatment groups (proximal, intermediate and distal on the medial and lateral aspects of the patellar groove) was done to this bias [27]. In this regard, the choice of the trochlea as a site for the lesions compared to the more common femoral condyles, was also justified by the different range of motion of the knee in pigs, which do not reach the full extension, in comparison with humans, thus rendering this joint surface more subject to compressive loads during normal cage activity [55,56].…”

Section: Biomechanical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteochondral Repair by a Novel Interconnecting Collagen–Hydroxyapatite Substitute: A Large-Animal Study

SosioCorrado

Giancamillo

DepontiDaniela

et al. 2015

Tissue Engineering Part A

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A novel three-dimensional bicomponent substitute made of collagen type I and hydroxyapatite was tested for the repair of osteochondral lesions in a swine model. This scaffold was assembled by a newly developed method that guarantees the strict integration between the organic and the inorganic parts, mimicking the biological tissue between the chondral and the osseous phase. Thirty-six osteochondral lesions were created in the trochlea of six pigs; in each pig, two lesions were treated with scaffolds seeded with autologous chondrocytes (cell+group), two lesions were treated with unseeded scaffolds (cell- group), and the two remaining lesions were left untreated (untreated group). After 3 months, the animals were sacrificed and the newly formed tissue was analyzed to evaluate the degree of maturation. The International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic assessment showed significantly higher scores in the cell- and untreated groups when compared with the cell+ group. Histological evaluation showed the presence of repaired tissue, with fibroblast-like and hyaline-like areas in all groups; however, with respect to the other groups, the cell- group showed significantly higher values in the ICRS II histological scores for "cell morphology" and for the "surface/superficial assessment." While the scaffold seeded with autologous chondrocytes promoted the formation of a reparative tissue with high cellularity but low glycosaminoglycans (GAG) production, on the contrary, the reparative tissue observed with the unseeded scaffold presented lower cellularity but higher and uniform GAG distribution. Finally, in the lesions treated with scaffolds, the immunohistochemical analysis showed the presence of collagen type II in the peripheral part of the defect, indicating tissue maturation due to the migration of local cells from the surroundings. This study showed that the novel osteochondral scaffold was easy to handle for surgical implantation and was stable within the site of lesion; at the end of the experimental time, all implants were well integrated with the surrounding tissue and no signs of synovitis were observed. The quality of the reparative tissue seemed to be superior for the lesions treated with the unseeded scaffolds, indicating the promising potential of this novel biomaterial for use in a one-stage procedure for osteochondral repair.

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“…The menisci of all mammals, regardless of the walking style or size have the same semilunar shape (Parsons 1899). Various animal models, especially large domestic quadrupeds, have been utilized in the development of new and successful treatment options for meniscal injury (Deponti et al 2015). However, the ability to predict responses in human menisci has not been determined for any model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical study: comparing the human, sheep and pig knee meniscus

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAnimal models are commonly used in investigating new treatment options for knee joint injuries including injuries to the meniscus. The reliability and applicability of these models to replicate findings in humans depends on determining the most suitable animal proxy. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the wet weight, volume and dimensions of the human meniscus with two commonly used animal models: sheep and pig.MethodsHuman menisci (n = 6 pairs) were obtained from the knee joints of cadaveric male donors. Sheep menisci (n = 6 pairs) and pig menisci (n = 22 pairs) were obtained from the stifle joints of adult sheep and pigs. Meniscal wet weight, volume and dimensions of the body were measured and compared among the species. Anatomical dimensions included circumference, width, peripheral height, articular height and superior articular length.ResultsThe circumference of human menisci (lateral: 84.0 mm, medial: 88.7 mm) was significantly longer than that of sheep (lateral: 50.0 mm, medial: 55.5 mm) and pig (lateral: 66.8 mm, medial: 64.9 mm). The majority of the remaining dimensions of the medial and all of the remaining dimensions of the lateral menisci in sheep showed no statistical difference in comparison to the human menisci. The meniscal weight in pig was significantly larger (lateral: 6.4 g, medial: 5.0 g) than the human (lateral: 4.9 g, medial: 4.4 g) and sheep (lateral: 2.5 g, medial: 2.2 g). Porcine meniscal volume (lateral: 6.5 ml, medial: 5.1 ml) was also larger than the human (lateral: 5.0 ml, medial: 4.5 ml) and sheep (lateral: 2.3 ml, medial: 2.2 ml) menisci. The dimensions measured in the pig meniscus were generally larger than human menisci with statistically significant differences in most categories.ConclusionSheep meniscal dimensions more closely matched human meniscal dimensions than the pig meniscal dimensions. This information may help guide the choice of an animal proxy in meniscal research.

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Animal models for meniscus repair and regeneration

Cited by 58 publications

References 129 publications

Autonomous magnetic labelling of functional mesenchymal stem cells for improved traceability and spatial control in cell therapy applications

Autonomous magnetic labelling of functional mesenchymal stem cells for improved traceability and spatial control in cell therapy applications

Osteochondral Repair by a Novel Interconnecting Collagen–Hydroxyapatite Substitute: A Large-Animal Study

Anatomical study: comparing the human, sheep and pig knee meniscus

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