Animal Model Methodology: Immunocompetent or Leucopenic Rats, Which Is the Best? Results from a Model of Experimental Pneumonia due to Derepressed Cephalosporinase-Producing &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Enterobacter cloacae&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;

Jacolot, Anne; Judel, C.; Chaumais, Marie-Camille; Louchahi, K.; Nicolas, Patrick; Marchand, Sandrine; Petitjean, Olivier; Mimoz, Olivier

doi:10.1159/000337061

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…An improved method to establish animal model for leucopenia was used [14, 15]. The rats were weighed and CTX was used for intraperitoneal injection in a body weight-dependent dose manner.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Different Laser Irradiation on Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Leucopenia in Rats

Zhao

Cheng

Deng

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To assess the effect of different lasers on cyclophosphamide- (CTX-) induced leucopenia in rats. Methods. 11 rats were normal control and 55 rats were injected with a dose of 80 mg/kg CTX for the first time and 40 mg/kg on the 6th and the 11th days to establish a leucopenia model. Rats of the irradiation groups received a 5-minute laser irradiation with either single 10.6 μm or 650 nm laser or alternatively 10.6 μm–650 nm laser irradiation, besides a sham treatment on acupoint Dazhui (DU 14) and acupoint Zusanli (ST 36) of both sides, 8 times for 16 days. Normal and model control group received no treatment. Results. On day 16 after the first CTX injection, the WBC counts from all the laser irradiation groups were significantly higher than those from the model control and the sham group (P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences compared with the normal control (P > 0.05). The TI of 10.6 μm–650 nm laser irradiation group was significantly higher than that of the model control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions. The single and combined 10.6 μm and 650 nm laser irradiation on ST36 and DU14 accelerated the recovery of the WBC count in the rats with leucopenia.

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“…An improved method to establish animal model for leucopenia was used [14, 15]. The rats were weighed and CTX was used for intraperitoneal injection in a body weight-dependent dose manner.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Different Laser Irradiation on Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Leucopenia in Rats

Zhao

Cheng

Deng

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…On days 6 and 10 after the initial dose, intraperitoneal injections of 40 mg/kg were given according to weight. After injection, the rats were housed normally in laboratory conditions [30]. When the rats in the laser treatment groups were receiving laser irradiation, the rats in model control group were immobilized with a rat fixator without anesthetized in the same way as those in the laser treatment groups.…”

Section: Experimental Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the cellular mechanisms of leukocyte elevation by 10.6 μm and 650 nm laser acupuncture-moxibustion

et al. 2018

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To investigate the cell cycle and cellular mechanisms of leukocyte elevation by laser acupuncture in rats with cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced leukopenia. Sixty-six rats were randomized into six groups: normal, model control group, sham treatment group, 10.6 μm laser treatment group, 650 nm laser treatment group, and 10.6 μm-650 nm compound laser treatment group. Eleven rats were used in the normal group and 55 were models that were injected with cyclophosphamide to induce leukopenia. For the three laser treatment groups, 10.6-μm and 650-nm lasers, and 10.6-μm-650-nm compound lasers were used to irradiate the DU14 (Dazhui) and bilateral ST36 (Zusanli) for 5 min each. The sham laser group received the same operation as the laser group but without irradiation. The normal group and model group were not treated. Differences in the number of nucleated cells in the femoral bone marrow, and cell cycle and cellular apoptosis of peripheral leukocytes in rats in various groups were compared. Compared with the model group and the sham laser group, the number of nucleated cells in the femoral bone marrow in the 10.6-μm laser, 650-nm laser, and 10.6-μm-650-nm compound laser group was significantly increased after treatment (P = 0.001, 0.002, 0.034, respectively) and did not show any significant difference with the normal group (P = 0.964, P = 0.838, P = 0.287, respectively). The number of cells in G2 phase in the 10.6 μm laser group was similar to that of the normal group (P = 0.973). The number of cells in G2 phase in the model, sham, 650-nm laser group, and 10.6-μm-650-nm compound laser group were significantly lower than in the normal group and 10.6-μm laser group (P = 0.016, P = 0.023, P = 0.044, P = 0.039, respectively). In the model group and the sham treatment group, the apoptosis rates of peripheral leukocytes were increased compared with the normal group (P = 0.001), while the proportion of cells in the G2 phase was significantly lower than in the normal group (P = 0.016), and the proportion of cells in S phase was higher than in the normal group (P = 0.014). The incidence of apoptosis in peripheral blood cells in the three laser treatment groups did not show any statistically significant difference when compared with the normal group (P > 0.05). Treatment with the 10.6-μm, 650-nm, and 10.6-μm-650-nm compound lasers increased the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow, decreased the unfavorable effects of cyclophosphamide on the cell cycle, induced the cell cycle towards proliferation, decreased apoptosis, improved the intramedullary hematopoietic system, and increased peripheral leukocyte count.

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Clinically relevant model of pneumococcal pneumonia, ARDS, and nonpulmonary organ dysfunction in mice

Gotts

Bernard

Chun

et al. 2019

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Pneumonia is responsible for more deaths in the United States than any other infectious disease. Severe pneumonia is a common cause of acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite the introduction of effective antibiotics and intensive supportive care in the 20th century, death rates from community-acquired pneumonia among patients in the intensive care unit remain as high as 35%. Beyond antimicrobial treatment, no targeted molecular therapies have yet proven effective, highlighting the need for additional research. Despite some limitations, small animal models of pneumonia and the mechanistic insights they produce are likely to continue to play an important role in generating new therapeutic targets. Here we describe the development of an innovative mouse model of pneumococcal pneumonia developed for enhanced clinical relevance. We first reviewed the literature of small animal models of bacterial pneumonia that incorporated antibiotics. We then did a series of experiments in mice in which we systematically varied the pneumococcal inoculum and the timing of antibiotics while measuring systemic and lung-specific end points, producing a range of models that mirrors the spectrum of pneumococcal lung disease in patients, from mild self-resolving infection to severe pneumonia refractory to antibiotics. A delay in antibiotic treatment resulted in ongoing inflammation and renal and hepatic dysfunction despite effective bacterial killing. The addition of fluid resuscitation to the model improved renal function but worsened the severity of lung injury based on direct measurements of pulmonary edema and lung compliance, analogous to patients with pneumonia and sepsis who develop ARDS following fluid administration.

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Animal Model Methodology: Immunocompetent or Leucopenic Rats, Which Is the Best? Results from a Model of Experimental Pneumonia due to Derepressed Cephalosporinase-Producing <b><i>Enterobacter cloacae</i></b>

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

The Effect of Different Laser Irradiation on Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Leucopenia in Rats

The Effect of Different Laser Irradiation on Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Leucopenia in Rats

Examination of the cellular mechanisms of leukocyte elevation by 10.6 μm and 650 nm laser acupuncture-moxibustion

Clinically relevant model of pneumococcal pneumonia, ARDS, and nonpulmonary organ dysfunction in mice

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