Animal influenza virus infections in humans: A commentary

Abstract

Here we review evidence for influenza A viruses (IAVs) moving from swine, avian, feline, equine, and canine species to infect humans. We review case reports, sero-epidemiological, archeo-epidemiological, environmental, and historical studies and consider trends in livestock farming. Although this focused review is not systematic, the aggregated data point to industrialized swine farming as the most likely source of future pandemic viruses, yet IAV surveillance on such farms is remarkably sparse. We recommend increased biosafety and biosecurity training for farm administrators and swine workers with One Health-oriented virus surveillance throughout industrialized farming and meat production lines. Collaborative partnerships with human medical researchers could aid in efforts to mitigate emerging virus threats by offering new surveillance and diagnostic technologies to livestock farming industries.

Chitosan Nanoparticle Based Mucosal Vaccines Delivered Against Infectious Diseases of Poultry and Pigs

“…The swine influenza in pigs is caused by type A influenza virus belongs to Orthomyxoviridae family. SIV infections in pig causes significant economic losses to the pork industry, specifically when combined with other respiratory pathogens (Borkenhagen et al, 2019). SIV infection leads to acute febrile respiratory disease in pigs of all ages (Janke, 2013).…”

New York State Emergency Preparedness and Response to Influenza Pandemics 1918–2018

“…Emergency preparedness and response efforts are critical in influencing the intensity and duration of the next influenza pandemic and its impact on public safety. In addition to the extensive use of rapid genomic surveillance tools for monitoring circulating viruses in the human population, it has become clear that a one health approach, with additional surveillance efforts in key animal species, is essential [38].…”

Antiviral Medicinal Plants of Veterinary Importance: A Literature Review

“…Domesticated animals, particularly pigs, poultry, and horses, and more recently, dogs and cats, have been noted to experience influenza infections that have the potential to transmit across spe-cies to other animals, as well as humans. Swine influenza virus infections are frequently detected among humans with exposure to pigs and become transmissible between humans more often than avian influenza viruses [5]. The current research is focused on antiviral substances against viruses that transmit across species, such as the coronavirus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the 2002-2003 pandemic or the recent coronavirus outbreak originating from China (SARS-CoV-2).…”