Animal Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Trends and Path Toward Standardization

Mandino, Francesca; Cerri, Domenic H.; Garin, Clément M.; Straathof, Milou; Tilborg, Geralda A. F. van; Chakravarty, M. Mallar; Dhénain, Marc; Dijkhuizen, Rick M.; Gozzi, Alessandro; Heß, Andreas; Keilholz, Shella; Lerch, Jason P.; Shih, Yen‐Yu Ian; Grandjean, Joanes

doi:10.3389/fninf.2019.00078

Cited by 84 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 355 publications

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“…On the other hand, experimental setups for awake fcMRI 27,[42][43][44] can easily support such repeated-measurement designs. Therefore, despite the controversy on optimal scanning procedure in rodents and the lack of standardization in the field 45 , awake fcMRI is highly useful for precision fcMRI analysis in individual mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual variability in functional connectivity architecture of the mouse brain

et al. 2020

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In recent years precision fMRI has emerged in human brain research, demonstrating characterization of individual differences in brain organization. However, mechanistic investigations to the sources of individual variability are limited in humans and thus require animal models. Here, we used resting-state fMRI in awake mice to quantify the contribution of individual variation to the functional architecture of the mouse cortex. We found that the mouse connectome is also characterized by stable individual features that support connectivity-based identification. Unlike in humans, we found that individual variation is homogeneously distributed in sensory and association networks. Finally, connectome-based predictive modeling of motor behavior in the rotarod task revealed that individual variation in functional connectivity explained behavioral variability. Collectively, these results establish the feasibility of precision fMRI in mice and lay the foundation for future mechanistic investigations of individual brain organization and pre-clinical studies of brain disorders in the context of personalized medicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual variability in functional connectivity architecture of the mouse brain

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, despite the controversy on optimal scanning procedure in rodents and the lack of standardization in the field 43 , awake but not anesthetized fcMRI is necessary for repeatedmeasurement experimental designs that enable precision fcMRI analysis in individual mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual variability in functional connectivity architecture of the mouse brain

Bergmann

Gofman

Kavushansky

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The functional organization of brain networks can be estimated using fMRI by examining the coherence of spontaneous fluctuations in the fMRI signal, a method known as resting-state functional connectivity MRI. Previous studies in humans reported that such functional networks are dominated by stable group and individual factors, demonstrating that fMRI is suited to measuring subject-specific characteristics, and suggesting the utility of such precision fMRI approach in personalized medicine. However, mechanistic investigations to the sources of individual variability in health and disease are limited in humans and thus require animal models.Here, we used repeated-measurement resting-state fMRI in awake mice to quantify the contribution of individual variation to the functional architecture of the mouse cortex. Comparing the organization of functional networks across the group, we found dominant common organizational principles. The data also revealed stable individual features, which create a unique fingerprint that allow identification of individual mice from the group. Examining the distribution of individual variation across the mouse cortex, we found it is homogeneously distributed in both sensory and association networks. Finally, connectome-based predictive modeling of motor behavior in the rotarod task revealed that individual variation in functional connectivity explained behavioral variability. Collectively, these results show that mouse functional networks are characterized by individual variations suggesting that individual variation characterizes the mammalian cortex in general, and not only the primate cortex. These findings lay the foundation for future mechanistic investigations of individual brain organization and pre-clinical studies of brain disorders in the context of personalized medicine.

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“…An imperative consideration for the field going forward is the standardization of imaging procedures (which has been reviewed for MRI in Mandino et al, 2019 ). For example, the most commonly used anesthetic regimens for rodent MRI studies include isoflurane, dexmedetomidine, or a combination of the two.…”

Section: Conclusion and Considerations For Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s That (Blue) Spot on my MRI? Multimodal Neuroimaging of the Locus Coeruleus in Neurodegenerative Disease

Kelberman

Keilholz

2020

Front. Neurosci.

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The locus coeruleus (LC) has long been underappreciated for its role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and other neurodegenerative disorders. While AD and PD are distinct in clinical presentation, both are characterized by prodromal protein aggregation in the LC, late-stage degeneration of the LC, and comorbid conditions indicative of LC dysfunction. Many of these early studies were limited to post-mortem histological techniques due to the LC’s small size and location deep in the brainstem. Thus, there is a growing interest in utilizing in vivo imaging of the LC as a predictor of preclinical neurodegenerative processes and biomarker of disease progression. Simultaneously, neuroimaging in animal models of neurodegenerative disease holds promise for identifying early alterations to LC circuits, but has thus far been underutilized. While still in its infancy, a handful of studies have reported effects of single gene mutations and pathology on LC function in disease using various neuroimaging techniques. Furthermore, combining imaging and optogenetics or chemogenetics allows for interrogation of network connectivity in response to changes in LC activity. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to review what magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have revealed about LC dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease and its potential as a biomarker in humans, and (2) to explore how animal models can be used to test hypotheses derived from clinical data and establish a mechanistic framework to inform LC-focused therapeutic interventions to alleviate symptoms and impede disease progression.

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Animal Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Trends and Path Toward Standardization

Cited by 84 publications

References 355 publications

Individual variability in functional connectivity architecture of the mouse brain

Individual variability in functional connectivity architecture of the mouse brain

Individual variability in functional connectivity architecture of the mouse brain

What’s That (Blue) Spot on my MRI? Multimodal Neuroimaging of the Locus Coeruleus in Neurodegenerative Disease

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