Animal and human dentin microstructure and elemental composition

Mlakar, Nina; Pavlica, Zlatko; Petelin, Milan; Štrancar, Janez; Zrimšek, Petra; Pavlič, Alenka

doi:10.2478/s11536-013-0295-x

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…19,20 The pronounced microlaminar "plywood" structure of mineralized collagen fibres crossing each other and the wavy course of the dentinal tubules, resulting in the typical Schreger pattern, contribute to the toughness of the ivory, [19][20][21] as well as other factors such as hydration of the tooth. 22 In contrast to human dentin, hypermineralized peritubular ("intratubular") dentin 18,23 does not exist. Instead, mineralized collagen fibres decorated with glycosaminoglycans immediately surround the tubules containing odontoblast processes (own results, not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endodontic Treatment of a Traumatic Tusk Fracture With Exposed Pulp in an Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus)

Seewald¹,

Gohl

Egerbacher

et al. 2021

J Vet Dent

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Tusk fracture in elephants is a common incident often resulting in pulp exposure and pulpitis. Extensive lavage, endodontic therapy, direct pulp capping, or extraction are treatment options. In this report, the successful management of a broken tusk of a juvenile male Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) including morphological analysis of the tusk tip 2 years after surgery are presented. Treatment was carried out under barn conditions and included antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and partial pulpotomy with direct pulp capping. Immediate pain relief was reached. The fractured tusk was preserved and continued to grow. The therapeutic filling material remained intact for over 1 year but was absent 2 years after treatment. The former pulp cavity of the tusk tip was filled with reparative dentin, osteodentin, and bone, but the seal between these hard tissues and pulp chamber dentin was incomplete. Radiographs obtained 3 years after treatment showed no differences in pulp shape, pulp width, and secondary dentin formation between the treated right and the healthy left tusk. It can be concluded that in case of an emergency, the endodontic therapy of a broken elephant tusk can be attempted under improvised conditions with adequate success. Photodynamic therapy might contribute to prevent infection and inflammation of the pulp. The decision tree published by Steenkamp (2019) provides a valuable tool to make quick decisions regarding a suitable therapy of broken tusks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endodontic Treatment of a Traumatic Tusk Fracture With Exposed Pulp in an Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus)

Seewald¹,

Gohl

Egerbacher

et al. 2021

J Vet Dent

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“…Porcine and human dentin have similar microstructural properties (Mlakar et al, 2014). There are differences in the organic and inorganic components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and initial testing of an in vitro model simulating class II furcation defects

Hugo

Koldsland

Aass

et al. 2020

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Objective To compare surface topography of porcine and human root dentin and to develop a new in vitro model for class II furcation defects. The hypothesis for this study was that porcine mandible blocks can function as a model for class II furcation defects. Background Treatment of mandibular class II furcation defects is unpredictable. There is a need for in vitro models to investigate new treatment methods. Methods A model to investigate the surface topography of porcine and human root dentin was developed and the two tissues compared by SEM imaging and profilometer. A novel method for studying class II furcation defects was then tested. Blocks of porcine mandibles with molar 3 were prepared. Buccal class II furcation defects were created. The furcation area was isolated and bioluminescent Staphylococcus epidermidis Xen43 was used to form a biofilm in the furcation area to test the functionality of the novel furcation model. Results Micromechanical damage caused by debridement on porcine and human root dentin showed similar pattern. No significant difference in the surface morphological parameters was observed between the corresponding porcine and human samples. The model allowed for assessment of the root surface inside the furcation area. While the number of viable bacteria in the furcation following debridement could be quantified, no significant difference between the treatment groups was detected, likely due to bacterial colonization within the periodontal ligament space. Conclusion Porcine and human root dentin show similar surface topography following surface debridement. Porcine mandible blocks can function as a model for class II furcation defects. However, further development and refinement of the novel in vitro model is warranted.

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“…The fluid-filled tubules traverse the collagen-rich intertubular dentin and are surrounded by cuffs of peritubular dentin. Dentin structure is known to differ across species (Boyde & Lester, 1967;Bradford, 1967;Hildebolt et al, 1986;Kalthoff, 2011;Kierdorf & Kierdorf, 1992;Lopes, Sinhoreti, Gonini Júnior, Consani, & Mccabe, 2009;Mlakar et al, 2014) and this diversity can be explained by differing proportions of peritubular dentin in some taxa (Hildebolt et al, 1986;Kierdorf & Kierdorf, 1992). The extent to which these differences are functionally or phylogenetically driven is not clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extent to which these differences are functionally or phylogenetically driven is not clear. Mechanically significant differences in dentin microstructure have only been compared in a limited number of taxa (Hildebolt et al, 1986;Lopes et al, 2009;Mlakar et al, 2014) and the factors underlying those differences have yet to be explored quantitatively. Furthermore, the evolution of dentin microstructure is still not well understood because imaging methods that allow for the visualization of such structures in fossil teeth have only recently been developed (Chen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dentin hardness differences across various mammalian taxa

Geissler

McGraw

Daegling

2021

Journal of Morphology

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Differences in dentin microstructure have been used as a tool for dietary reconstruction; however, the extent that diet is associated with this aspect of dental morphology has yet to be empirically tested. We conducted microhardness tests of mammalian dentin sections, hypothesizing that species with adaptations to particularly hard diets would have softer dentin, owing to a higher proportion of soft intertubular dentin. Species adapted to abrasive diets, in contrast, should have harder dentin, resulting from a higher proportion of hypermineralized peritubular dentin. We examined molar dentin hardness in ten mammalian taxa with durophagous diets, abrasive diets, and a comparative "control" group of mechanical generalists. Samples included six primate taxa and four non-primate species representing various dietary regimes. Our results reveal significant variation among taxa in overall hardness, but the data do not distinguish between hard and abrasive diets. Several taxa with generalized (i.e., mechanically diverse) diets resemble each other in exhibiting large variance in hardness measurements and comparably soft dentin. The high variation in these species appears to be either a functional signal supporting the niche variation hypothesis or indicate the absence of sustained unidirectional selective pressure. A possible phylogenetic signal of dentin hardness in the data also holds promise for future systematic investigations.

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Animal and human dentin microstructure and elemental composition

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Endodontic Treatment of a Traumatic Tusk Fracture With Exposed Pulp in an Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus)

Endodontic Treatment of a Traumatic Tusk Fracture With Exposed Pulp in an Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus)

Development and initial testing of an in vitro model simulating class II furcation defects

Dentin hardness differences across various mammalian taxa

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