Animacy and the prediction of behaviour

Schultz, Johannes; Frith, Chris

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104766

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…These results demonstrate the existence of a widespread fronto-temporo-parietal network activated by the observation of goal-directed reaching-to-grasp movements, similar to the AON already described in both humans and macaque monkeys 1 , 5 – 7 , 12 , 14 , 23 , 45 , 46 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Therefore, these patches seem to respond specifically to the presentation of a part of the body (the hand or the entire arm) in motion. A similar pattern of occipito-temporal activations has been reported during the presentation of videos depicting faces in marmosets 43 , 44 , 54 , and low-level features of moving body-parts in macaques and human 11 , 22 , 45 , 56 – 62 . Within the AON, this node therefore seems to be responsible for the detection and processing of a biological movement, a fundamental step in the recognition of an external agent 45 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…A similar pattern of occipito-temporal activations has been reported during the presentation of videos depicting faces in marmosets 43 , 44 , 54 , and low-level features of moving body-parts in macaques and human 11 , 22 , 45 , 56 – 62 . Within the AON, this node therefore seems to be responsible for the detection and processing of a biological movement, a fundamental step in the recognition of an external agent 45 . Only after this recognition is it possible to attribute an intention and a goal to the actions of the external agent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Ultra-high field fMRI identifies an action-observation network in the common marmoset

et al. 2023

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The observation of others’ actions activates a network of temporal, parietal and premotor/prefrontal areas in macaque monkeys and humans. This action-observation network (AON) has been shown to play important roles in social action monitoring, learning by imitation, and social cognition in both species. It is unclear whether a similar network exists in New-World primates, which separated from Old-Word primates ~35 million years ago. Here we used ultra-high field fMRI at 9.4 T in awake common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) while they watched videos depicting goal-directed (grasping food) or non-goal-directed actions. The observation of goal-directed actions activates a temporo-parieto-frontal network, including areas 6 and 45 in premotor/prefrontal cortices, areas PGa-IPa, FST and TE in occipito-temporal region and areas V6A, MIP, LIP and PG in the occipito-parietal cortex. These results show overlap with the humans and macaques’ AON, demonstrating the existence of an evolutionarily conserved network that likely predates the separation of Old and New-World primates.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Ultra-high field fMRI identifies an action-observation network in the common marmoset

et al. 2023

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“…Motion perception is fundamental to orient in the visual environment. For instance, it allows detection of the presence of other living animals, provides insights into their internal states and helps to anticipate their behaviours [ 1 , 2 ]. The detection of animate agents (other living animals) can be driven by very simple motion cues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous preference for unpredictability in the temporal contingencies between agents' motion in naive domestic chicks

et al. 2022

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The ability to recognize animate agents based on their motion has been investigated in humans and animals alike. When the movements of multiple objects are interdependent, humans perceive the presence of social interactions and goal-directed behaviours. Here, we investigated how visually naive domestic chicks respond to agents whose motion was reciprocally contingent in space and time (i.e. the time and direction of motion of one object can be predicted from the time and direction of motion of another object). We presented a ‘social aggregation’ stimulus, in which three smaller discs repeatedly converged towards a bigger disc, moving in a manner resembling a mother hen and chicks (versus a control stimulus lacking such interactions). Remarkably, chicks preferred stimuli in which the timing of the motion of one object could not be predicted by that of other objects. This is the first demonstration of a sensitivity to the temporal relationships between the motion of different objects in naive animals, a trait that could be at the basis of the development of the perception of social interaction and goal-directed behaviours.

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“…Chapter 3 discusses mammals and the topic of intentionality. Schultz and Frith (2022) argue that mental state triggers the intentional stance. Compared to inflexible lizards, mammals show a huge leap in behavioral agency by evaluating possible outcomes before acting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imagine a lizard with the goal of making better decisions

Chen

Dong

2023

Adaptive Behavior

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In Michael Tomasello’s new book, The Evolution of Agency: Behavioral Organization from Lizards to Humans, it posits a close relationship between agency and the evolution of animal and human behavior. Tomasello adopts an integrated perspective, tracing ancient animals to early humans within the constraints of social norms. This book details a fascinating journey through the evolution of agency, therein presenting an innovatively comprehensive framework for analyzing processes of decision-making and behavioral control. Given the current interest in establishing connections among evolving individual agency, we think this book is a timely contribution, particularly for multidisciplinary researchers looking into the domain.

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Animacy and the prediction of behaviour

Cited by 11 publications

References 153 publications

Ultra-high field fMRI identifies an action-observation network in the common marmoset

Ultra-high field fMRI identifies an action-observation network in the common marmoset

Spontaneous preference for unpredictability in the temporal contingencies between agents' motion in naive domestic chicks

Imagine a lizard with the goal of making better decisions

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