Angular Momentum of Superfluid Helium in a Rotating Cylinder

Hess, G. B.

doi:10.1103/physrev.161.189

Cited by 112 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[27]. These calculations also predict much smaller radial displacements of the vortices inside rotating droplets than described herein, similar to previous measurements [24][25] and calculations for a rotating cylinder [26,28].…”

Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 89%

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Jones¹,

Bernando²,

Tanyag³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. B

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Single He nanodroplets doped with Xe atoms are studied via ultrafast coherent x-ray diffraction imaging. The diffraction images show that rotating He nanodroplets about 200 nm in diameter contain a small number of symmetrically arranged quantum vortices decorated with Xe clusters. Unexpected large distances of the vortices from the droplet center (≈0.7–0.8 droplet radii) are explained by a significant contribution of the Xe dopants to the total angular momentum of the droplets and a stabilization of widely spaced vortex configurations by the trapped Xe clusters

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Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 89%

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Jones¹,

Bernando²,

Tanyag³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. B

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“…At nonzero temperature, dissipative mutual friction from the normal component ensures that the array rotates with the same angular velocity as the container. Early experiments on rotating superfluid 4 He [85,13,86] provided memorable "photographs" of vortex lines and arrays with relatively small numbers of vortices, in qualitative agreement with analytical [87,88] and numerical [89,90] predictions. A triangular array is favored for vortices near the rotation axis of rapidly rotating vessels of superfluid helium [87].…”

Section: Vortex Arrayssupporting

confidence: 54%

Vortices in a trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensate

Fetter¹,

Svidzinsky²

2001

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

552

758

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We review the theory of vortices in trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensates and compare theoretical predictions with existing experiments. Mean-field theory based on the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation describes the main features of the vortex states, and its predictions agree well with available experimental results. We discuss various properties of a single vortex, including its structure, energy, dynamics, normal modes and stability, as well as vortex arrays. When the nonuniform condensate contains a vortex, the excitation spectrum includes unstable ("anomalous") mode(s) with negative frequency. Trap rotation shifts the normal-mode frequencies and can stabilize the vortex. We consider the effect of thermal quasiparticles on vortex normal modes as well as possible mechanisms for vortex dissipation. Vortex states in mixtures and spinor condensates are also discussed.

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“…We define the circulation κ in the usual way to have magnitude 2πlh/m and to be aligned parallel to the vortex line with direction determined according to the usual right-hand rule applied to the superfluid flow. The velocity field can be found using an image vortex argument [10]. The effect of the boundary conditions at the cylinder walls is to require that the perpendicular component of the superfluid velocity is zero at the surface.…”

Section: A Uniform Density Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ignoring the kinetic energy within the core of the vortex line, the free energy per unit length is given by [10] …”

Section: A Uniform Density Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotational dynamics of vortices in confined Bose-Einstein condensates

McGee

Holland

2001

Phys. Rev. A

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We derive the frequency of precession and conditions for stability for a quantized vortex in a single-component and a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate. The frequency of precession is proportional to the gradient of the free energy with respect to displacement of the vortex core. In a two-component system, it is possible to achieve a local minimum in the free energy at the center of the trap. The presence of such a minimum implies the existence of a region of energetic stability where the vortex cannot escape and where one may be able to generate a persistent current.

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Angular Momentum of Superfluid Helium in a Rotating Cylinder

Cited by 112 publications

References 12 publications

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Coupled motion of Xe clusters and quantum vortices in He nanodroplets

Vortices in a trapped dilute Bose-Einstein condensate

Rotational dynamics of vortices in confined Bose-Einstein condensates

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