Angular distribution of ejected atoms from Nd:YAG laser irradiating metals

Torrisi, L.; Andò, L.; Ciavola, G.; Gammino, S.; Barna, Á.

doi:10.1063/1.1328404

Cited by 60 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Moreover measurements demonstrate that the ion yield depends on the angular position of the IC with respect to the normal to the target surface. The experimental angular distribution data for the ion emission indicate a narrow angular emission centered on the normal to the target surface with a FWHM of about 35 • for both wavelengths, in good agreement with the literature [9]. By knowing the target-collector distance it is possible to evaluate the average velocity and the corresponding average kinetic ion energy, which, at the fluence of 100 J/cm 2 , is of about 0.8 keV at 1 064 nm and 1.6 keV at 532 nm, indicating that the visible photons transfer higher average velocities to the ions.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Pulsed laser ablation of gold at 1064 nm and 532 nm

et al. 2004

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A Nd:Yag laser, 9 ns pulse duration and 900 mJ maximum pulse energy, operating at the 1 064 nm fundamental wavelength and 532 nm second harmonic, is employed to irradiate Au targets placed in vacuum by using single laser pulses. The laser ablation is investigated in terms of ablation threshold, ablation yield, crater production and angular emission. The produced plasma emits ions at different charge state, from 1+ up to 6+, with supersonic velocity and kinetic energies up to about 3 keV, as demonstrated by timeof-flight measurements. The ion energy distributions vs. the charge state are obtained at the two wavelengths. The Boltzmann-Coulomb-shifted distributions depend regularly on the charge state, indicating the presence of a high electric field inside the non-equilibrium plasma. Measurements of plasma characterization, in terms of temperature, density and fractional ionization, are presented and discussed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Pulsed laser ablation of gold at 1064 nm and 532 nm

et al. 2004

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“…10,38 Some authors have suggested that the angular distribution becomes increasingly narrow with the atomic mass, 38,41 whereas Akhsakhalyan et al 42 have suggested that volatile materials exhibited a broader distribution than refractory ones. The latter measurements 38,41,42 were performed with the laser wavelength of 1064 nm and at a much higher fluence than considered here. The Anisimov model 16 predicts that, for a given spot, smaller values of the initial cloud thickness Z 0 lead to narrower angular distributions.…”

Section: B the Angular Distribution Of Different Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the plume produced by nanosecond ultraviolet laser ablation of metals

2003

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The dynamics of the ablation plume of a partially ionized plasma produced by a nanosecond UV laser with different irradiation spot geometries has been explored. We have used an ensemble of quartz crystal microbalances to make the first systematic and quantitative study of how the shape of the plume varies as the aspect ratio (b/a) of the elliptical laser spot is varied by about a factor of ten. The flip-over effect can be described by the adiabatic expansion model of Anisimov et al. using a value of the adiabatic constant of about ␥ ϭ1.4. We have also studied the forward peaking of the ablation plume for a large number of metals at the same laser fluence. Contrary to earlier reports, we find that the more refractory metals have the broader angular distributions.

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“…Such ions may be used, e.g., for hybrid ion source for a large accelerator injector, based on the coupling of the laser ion source ͑LIS͒ and electron cyclotron resonance ͑ECR͒ ion source ͑ECLISSE experiment͒, [1][2][3][4] but also for the direct surface modification of solids. [5][6][7][8] Relatively low laser intensities ͑only ϳ1ϫ10 10 W/cm 2 ) are high enough for ion generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of intense streams of metallic ions with a charge state up to 10+ in a laser ion source

Láska

Krása

Pfeifer

et al. 2004

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The yield and the properties of Al, Au, Cu, Nb, Ni, Pb, Sn, Ta, and W ions from the plasma produced by a 0.9 J/9 ns Nd:YAG laser have been examined. Changing either the laser pulse energy or the focal spot size, the laser power density on the target surface was varied from 1ϫ10 9 to about 1 ϫ10 11 W/cm 2 , i.e., from the threshold power density for the ion generation up to the maximum laser intensities attainable with the setup used. The ion velocities ͑ion energies͒ ranged from about 2 ϫ10 6 to 2ϫ10 7 cm/s ͑100 eV-10 keV͒ in dependence on the target element used and on the laser power density. The ion emission was peaked along the normal to the target surface; the angular distribution of ion velocities ͑energies͒ was not the same for all elements studied. Measured ion current densities ranged from 4 mA/cm 2 ͑for Au͒ to 43 mA/cm 2 ͑for Cu͒ at a distance of 44 cm from the target.

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Angular distribution of ejected atoms from Nd:YAG laser irradiating metals

Cited by 60 publications

References 6 publications

Pulsed laser ablation of gold at 1064 nm and 532 nm

Pulsed laser ablation of gold at 1064 nm and 532 nm

Dynamics of the plume produced by nanosecond ultraviolet laser ablation of metals

Generation of intense streams of metallic ions with a charge state up to 10+ in a laser ion source

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