Angular correlations between two electrons emitted in the sequential two-photon double ionization of atoms

Грызлова, Е. В.; Grum-Grzhimailo, A N; Fritzsche, S.; Kabachnik, N. M.

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/43/22/225602

Cited by 23 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…The particular cases h(J i , J i ) = δ J i ,J i and h(J i , J i ) = 1 describe incoherent excitation of separated finestructure levels and excitation of completely overlapping (degenerate) fine-structure levels (LS-coupling limit), respectively. More details on the matrix h(J i , J i ) in the 2PDI process, including intermediate cases of coherence, can be found in [14,31]. We return to this point for a particular example in Section 4.…”

Section: Basic Formalismmentioning

confidence: 98%

Non-dipole effects in the angular distribution of photoelectrons in sequential two-photon atomic double ionization

Grum-Grzhimailo¹,

Грызлова²,

Meyer³

2012

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract. Motivated by the recent achievements of experiments using X-ray free electron lasers, we develop a theory for the angular distributions of photoelectrons in sequential two-photon double ionization (2PDI) of atoms beyond the dipole approximation. Expressions for the angular distributions are obtained taking into account the full multipole expansion of radiation in electric and magnetic moments. The formalism is further specified for the first-order corrections to the dipole approximation. As illustrative example, the sequential 2PDI of the 2p shell in atomic neon is studied. The numerical calculations predict distinct non-dipole effects observable in experiments at present X-ray Free Electron Lasers.

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Section: Basic Formalismmentioning

confidence: 98%

Non-dipole effects in the angular distribution of photoelectrons in sequential two-photon atomic double ionization

Grum-Grzhimailo¹,

Грызлова²,

Meyer³

2012

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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“…The sequential mechanism of the 2PDI in neon was also confirmed in recoil-ion momentum distribution measurements [16]. Experimental studies are supported by the theoretical developments [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] which explained rather successfully the main features of the observed photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) and angular correlations between the emitted electrons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…An alternative representation of the angular correlation function can however be obtained by rearranging angular momenta [22,30] Downloaded by [RMIT University] at 00: 42 18 August 2015…”

Section: Basic Formalism For Sequential 2pdimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(If only one intermediate state is excited the factor h(J i , J i ) may be omitted since it does not influence the shape of the angular correlation pattern.) For the sequential 2PDI, this factor was analyzed in detail in [22]. For the ionization of a closed-shell atom with emission of electrons from a shell with nonzero orbital angular momentum, such as por d-electrons, the depolarization mainly occurs owing to a precession of the angular momentum J i due to the spinorbit interaction.…”

Section: Basic Formalism For Sequential 2pdimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoelectron angular distributions and correlations in sequential double and triple atomic ionization by free electron lasers

Grum–Grzhimailo

Грызлова

Fritzsche

et al. 2015

Journal of Modern Optics

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We present a review of theoretical studies of the simplest nonlinear photoprocesses detected in the XUV range with the use of free electron lasers: sequential double and triple ionization of atoms by two and three XUV photons. Photoelectron angular distributions and angular correlations between emitted electrons are considered. A comparison of the calculated results with recent angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy experiments is discussed.

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“…The theoretical description is based on a recently developed stepwise ionization model, where each subsequent photon interacts with an ionic intermediate state formed at a preceding step. This approach, in combination with the statistical tensor formalism [19], was previously successfully applied to sequential 2PDI from the outer p shells of noble gas atoms [8,20,21] and three-photon resonantly enhanced sequential double ionization of argon [22]. Within this model, anisotropy in the photoelectron emission and alignment of the intermediate states are fully taken into account.…”

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confidence: 99%

Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of sequential three-photon triple ionization of neon at 90.5 eV photon energy

et al. 2011

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Multiple photoionization of neon atoms by a strong 13.7 nm (90.5 eV) laser pulse has been studied at the FLASH free electron laser in Hamburg. A velocity map imaging spectrometer was used to record angle-resolved photoelectron spectra on a single-shot basis. Analysis of the evolution of the spectra with the FEL pulse energy in combination with extensive theoretical calculations allows the ionization pathways that contribute to be assigned, revealing the occurrence of sequential three-photon triple ionization. The development of free electron lasers (FELs) emitting radiation in the extreme ultraviolet and the x-ray spectral range heralds a new era in the study of nonlinear processes at high photon frequency. Using these new sources (FLASH in Germany, SPring-8 in Japan, and LCLS in the USA), previously unexplored regimes of atomic and molecular strong field ionization become accessible. In the first experiments [1-3] strongly nonlinear multiple ionization of atoms has already been observed. Since mainly multiply charged ions were detected, it was impossible to unambiguously identify the ionization mechanisms. Accordingly, the interpretation of some of these experiments is still under debate [4,5], and the main question is whether the experimental results can be understood without introducing new concepts, e.g., collective effects, in the description of the multiphoton multiple ionization at high frequencies. In the simplest case of two-photon double ionization (2PDI) two basic mechanisms have been established: direct (nonsequential) ionization, where both photons are absorbed simultaneously, and sequential ionization, where, after absorption of a first photon and emission of the first electron, intermediate ionic states are formed that are further ionized by a second photon. In order to disentangle the ionization mechanisms, a number of experimental techniques have so far been used, which include measurements of ionic charge state distributions [6], energyand angle-resolved electron spectroscopy [7,8], measurements of recoil-ion-momentum distributions [9][10][11][12], and kinematically complete experiments using a reaction microscope [8]. Together with extensive accompanying theoretical work (e.g., Ref.[13] and references therein) these experiments have significantly advanced our understanding of 2PDI. In particular it was established, as first predicted theoretically [14], that sequential ionization is dominant if the photon energy is larger than the binding energy of the singly charged ion.As a logical next step in studies of multiphoton multiple ionization in the high-frequency regime, we report the first observation of sequential three-photon triple ionization (3PTI) of neon atoms, based on a measurement of angle-resolved photoelectron spectra using the velocity map imaging technique [15]. Strong field triple ionization is much more complicated than double ionization due to the larger number of processes that can contribute. Therefore, although triply charged ions have been reported [1,2,9], individual pathway...

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Angular correlations between two electrons emitted in the sequential two-photon double ionization of atoms

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Non-dipole effects in the angular distribution of photoelectrons in sequential two-photon atomic double ionization

Non-dipole effects in the angular distribution of photoelectrons in sequential two-photon atomic double ionization

Photoelectron angular distributions and correlations in sequential double and triple atomic ionization by free electron lasers

Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of sequential three-photon triple ionization of neon at 90.5 eV photon energy

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