Angle of gaze and optic flow direction modulate body sway

Raffi, Milena; Piras, Alessandro; Persiani, Michela; Perazzolo, Monica; Squatrito, Salvatore

doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2017.05.008

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Visual signals improve balance, and optic flow and eye movements provide information about body position relative to a target [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Ocular movements may modify postural control in the maintenance of upright standing posture in humans [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study, body sway was more reduced during SEM than gaze fixation [ 13 ]. This suggests that extraocular input to eye positioning is an important signal that should be integrated with perceptual optic nerve flow processing to control body sway [ 35 ]. In this study, COP sway area significantly decreased at 2 Hz compared to 0.5 Hz.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Postural Sway, Plantar Cutaneous Sensation According to Saccadic Eye Movement Frequency in Young Adults

Bae

2020

IJERPH

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The crossover trial study aimed to identify the saccadic eye movement (SEM) frequency to improve postural sway (PS) and plantar cutaneous sensation (PUS) in young adults. The 17 participants randomly performed 0.5-, 2-, and 3-Hz SEM. The SEM frequency was determined to allow the target to appear once per 2 s (0.5 Hz), twice per second (2 Hz), or thrice per second (3 Hz). SEM performance time was 3 min with a washout period of 5 min. PS and PUS were measured at baseline and during 0.5-Hz, 2-Hz, and 3-Hz SEMs using a Zebris FDM 1.5 force plate. PS was determined by measuring the sway area, path length, and speed of center of pressure (COP) displacement, and PUS was determined via the plantar surface area (PSA). In PS parameters, there was a significant difference among the SEM frequencies in the COPsway area PSAleft foot and PSAright foot. Compared to that at baseline, COPsway area decreased at 0.5 Hz and 2 Hz, while PSAleft foot and PSAright foot increased at 2 Hz. These results suggest that 2 Hz SEM may improve PS and PSA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Postural Sway, Plantar Cutaneous Sensation According to Saccadic Eye Movement Frequency in Young Adults

Bae

2020

IJERPH

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“…The physiological mechanisms within the neural network integrate optic flow and other somato-sensory signals to generate a typical body oscillation, which has been called "body sway". Indeed, several studies have shown that visual stimulation evokes body sway [16][17][18][19][20][21]. These small postural oscillations reflect the regulatory activity of several control loops responsible for the control of posture [4,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Crucial Role of Optic Flow in Postural Control: Central vs. Peripheral Visual Field

Raffi

Piras

2019

Applied Sciences

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Optic flow stimuli are crucial for the control of stance in the upright position. The visual control of posture has recently received a lot of interest from several researchers. One of the most intriguing aspects is the contribution of the different parts of the visual field in the control of stance. Here we reviewed the results of several studies performed with different methodologies that tried to determine the effect of optic flow on postural control, by analyzing the role of the central and peripheral visual fields. Although the results were controversial, the majority of these studies agreed to assign the most important role in postural control to the peripheral retina. However, these studies were performed using different approaches and different definitions of the central and peripheral visual fields. The choice of the exact portion of the retina to be stimulated is crucial given that the stimulation of the central and the peripheral parts of the retina leads to the activation of different geniculo-cortical pathways and results in different cortical processing of information.

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“…On the contrary, older adults initiated all postural muscles only to secure their posture first. The differences between young and older adults have also been reported in effects of visual movement during self-motion perception on postural control, in which young adults were able to adjust muscle activities, but older adults incorporated spatial conflicts, which further compromised their mobility performances [41][42][43]. Afterward, older adults could handle the upper (pushing) and significant extensive muscle activities for the lower limb (translational) perturbations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characteristics of Postural Muscle Activity in Response to A Motor-Motor Task in Elderly

2019

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The purpose of the current study was to evaluate postural muscle performance of older adults in response to a combination of two motor tasks perturbations. Fifteen older participants were instructed to perform a pushing task as an upper limb perturbation while standing on a fixed or sliding board as a lower limb perturbation. Postural responses were characterized by onsets and magnitudes of muscle activities as well as onsets of segment movements. The sliding board did not affect the onset timing and sequence of muscle initiations and segment movements. However, significant large muscle activities of tibialis anterior and erector spinae were observed in the sliding condition (p < 0.05). The co-contraction values of the trunk and shank segments were significantly larger in the sliding condition through the studied periods (p < 0.05). Lastly, heavy pushing weight did not change the timing, magnitude, sequence of all studied parameters. Older adults enhanced postural stability by increasing the segment stiffness then started to handle two perturbations. In conclusion, they were able to deal with a dual motor-motor task after having secured their balance but could not make corresponding adjustments to the level of the perturbation difficulty.

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Angle of gaze and optic flow direction modulate body sway

Cited by 26 publications

References 24 publications

Comparison of Postural Sway, Plantar Cutaneous Sensation According to Saccadic Eye Movement Frequency in Young Adults

Comparison of Postural Sway, Plantar Cutaneous Sensation According to Saccadic Eye Movement Frequency in Young Adults

Investigating the Crucial Role of Optic Flow in Postural Control: Central vs. Peripheral Visual Field

Characteristics of Postural Muscle Activity in Response to A Motor-Motor Task in Elderly

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