Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion and angiotensin type 1 receptor A1166C polymorphisms as genetic risk factors in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer

Díaz, Erick Sierra; Sánchez‐Corona, José; Gómez, Roberto Carlos Rosales; Gutierrez-Rubio, Susan Andrea; Camacho, Jose Gonzalo Vazquez; Moreno, Héctor Solano; Moguel, María Cristina Morán

doi:10.1177/1470320309352800

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additionally, 5 case-control studies were excluded for the genotypes in control group not consistent with HWE[24-28], and 3 case-control studies were excluded for data overlapped or duplicated. Thus, a total of 25 case-control studies in 22 articles were finally identified [3-7,9,15-18,29,14,35]. The characteristics of included case-control studies are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genotype and allele distributions for each case-control study are shown in Table 2. There were 8 studies of Asians [4,6,10,11,14,29,30,33], 14 of Europeans [3,5-7,9,12,13,15-17,31,32,34,35], 2 of Latinos [6,18], 1 of African-Americans [6]. In this meta-analysis, the most studied cancers were lung cancer and breast cancer, the genotype methods are a classic PCR assays…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Homozygote II may display as low as half of the plasma ACE level compared to the homozygote DD, whereas the heterozygote DI displays an intermediate level[2]. Recently, many studies investigated the role of this polymorphism in the etiology of cancers among various organs, including lung, breast, prostate, gastric, oral and others [3-7,9-18]. However, the observed associations of these studies were inconsistent, and a single study might be insufficient to detect a possible small effect of the polymorphism on cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Zhang

Deng

et al. 2011

BMC Med Genet

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BackgroundThe insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been implicated in susceptibility to cancer, but a large number of studies have reported inconclusive results. The aim of this study is to assess the association between the I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene and cancer risk by meta-analysis.MethodsA search was performed in Pubmed database, Embase database, Chinese Biomedical (CBM) database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database and Weipu database, covering all studies until August 31, 2010. Statistical analysis was performed by using Revman4.2 and STATA 10.0.ResultsA total of 25 case-control studies comprising 3914 cancer patients and 11391 controls were identified. No significant association was found between the I/D polymorphism and over all cancer risks (OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.73-1.06, P = 0.17 for DD+DI vs. II). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, no significant association was found among Asians and Europeans for the comparison of DD+DI vs. II. In the subgroup analysis by cancer types, no significant associations were found among lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer for the comparison of DD+DI vs. II. Results from other comparative genetic models also indicated the lack of associations between this polymorphism and cancer risks.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggested that the ACE D/I polymorphism might not contribute to the risk of cancer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Zhang

Deng

et al. 2011

BMC Med Genet

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“…In addition, there are several studies investigating the association between ACE gene polymorphism and risk of other cancers, such as gastric cancer [31][32][33][34], colorectal cancer [21,[35][36][37], lung cancer [21,38,39], and prostate cancer [21,[40][41][42]. The results have also been inconsistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between polymorphisms of the renin–angiotensin system genes and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Zeng

Liu

et al. 2011

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been considered to be implicated in the development of breast cancer. However, the results are inconsistent. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between four polymorphisms, including angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D and A240T, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) A1166C and angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T polymorphisms, and breast cancer risk. Published literature from PubMed, ISI web of science, and Embase databases were retrieved. All studies evaluating the association between ACE I/D, ACE A240T, AGTR1 A1166C, or AGT M235T polymorphism and breast cancer risk were included. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using fixed- or random-effects model. Ten studies (1,650 cases and 9,283 controls) on ACE I/D polymorphism, six studies (1,316 cases and 2,632 controls) on ACE A240T polymorphism, three studies (235 cases and 601 controls) on AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism, and two studies (273 cases and 3,547 controls) on AGT M235T polymorphism were included. Overall, the meta-analysis showed no significant association between I/D or A240T polymorphism and breast cancer risk in either genetic model. Further subgroup analysis by ethnicity also revealed non-significant association in Caucasian or Asian populations except for Africans (the statistically significant association for ACE I/D or A240T polymorphism in Africans derived from only one study). A marginally significant association was observed for AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism in Caucasians (CC vs. AA: OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.99). In addition, there was a significant association between AGT M235T polymorphism and breast cancer risk in Caucasians (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.12-1.88). The present meta-analysis suggested that ACE I/D and A240T polymorphisms might not be a good predictor of breast cancer risk, while AGTR1 A1166C and AGT M235T polymorphisms might be implicated in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Given the limited sample size, the findings warrant further investigation.

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“…Though earlier studies suggested that this had no strong predictive value (Haiman et al 2003), more recently the DD phenotype has been associated with increased risk and poor prognosis in breast cancer (Gonzalez-Zuloeta Ladd et al 2005, Yaren et al 2007, van der Knaap et al 2008, Rosenthal & Gavras 2009). Interestingly, the same ACE polymorphism may also increase risk in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP) and prostate cancer, whereas the A1166C substitution in the AT1 receptor increases BHP risk alone (Sierra Diaz et al 2009). Conversely, the C allele carriers have reduced breast cancer risk (Mendizabal-Ruiz et al 2011).…”

Section: Angiotensin In Cancer Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

The renin–angiotensin system in the breast and breast cancer

Vinson¹,

Barker²,

Puddefoot³

2011

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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Much evidence now suggests that angiotensin II has roles in normal functions of the breast that may be altered or attenuated in cancer. Both angiotensin type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors are present particularly in the secretory epithelium. Additionally, all the elements of a tissue renin-angiotensin system, angiotensinogen, prorenin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), are also present and distributed in different cell types in a manner suggesting a close relationship with sites of angiotensin II activity. These findings are consistent with the concept that stromal elements and myoepithelium are instrumental in maintaining normal epithelial structure and function. In disease, this system becomes disrupted, particularly in invasive carcinoma. Both AT1 and AT2 receptors are present in tumours and may be up-regulated in some. Experimentally, angiotensin II, acting via the AT1 receptor, increases tumour cell proliferation and angiogenesis, both these are inhibited by blocking its production or function. Epidemiological evidence on the effect of expression levels of ACE or the distribution of ACE or AT1 receptor variants in many types of cancer gives indirect support to these concepts. It is possible that there is a case for the therapeutic use of high doses of ACE inhibitors and AT1 receptor blockers in breast cancer, as there may be for AT2 receptor agonists, though this awaits full investigation. Attention is drawn to the possibility of blocking specific AT1-mediated intracellular signalling pathways, for example by AT1-directed antibodies, which exploit the possibility that the extracellular N-terminus of the AT1 receptor may have previously unsuspected signalling roles.

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion and angiotensin type 1 receptor A1166C polymorphisms as genetic risk factors in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and cancer risk: a meta-analysis

The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Association between polymorphisms of the renin–angiotensin system genes and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis

The renin–angiotensin system in the breast and breast cancer

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