Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and coronary artery disease

Sayer, Jeremy

doi:10.1007/bf00052510

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Thus, as shown in Figure 2, ACE strategically regulates the balance between the RAS and the kallikreinkinin system. 75 The circulating RAS has evolved to provide short-term regulation of the cardiovascular system that becomes activated in acute conditions, including hypotension, hypovolemia, hemorrhage, and severe heart failure. This mechanism aims to promptly restore blood pressure and cardiac homeostasis, after which time any further renin release and circulating RAS activity are suppressed.…”

Section: Angiotensin-converting Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

Statins and Blockers of the Renin-Angiotensin System

1999

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Abstract-In addition to their primary mode of action, statins and blockers of the renin-angiotensin system possess common additional properties that are under active investigation. The inhibition of cellular proliferation, the restoration of endothelial activity, the inhibition of platelet reactivity, and an antioxidant potential are only a few examples of shared effects that target the arterial wall. These and other properties may eventually become exploited for the improved treatment of cardiovascular diseases and of other diseases apparently unrelated to the cardiovascular field, including inflammation and cancer. This review analyzes the current knowledge on the pleiotropic properties of these classes of drugs. Direct comparison indicates that study of the associations among these drugs may eventually disclose additive or synergistic effects that, perhaps even at lower dosages, may provide improved vascular protection and a strong alliance against several atherogenic mechanisms.

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Section: Angiotensin-converting Enzymementioning

confidence: 99%

Statins and Blockers of the Renin-Angiotensin System

1999

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“…52,53 The beneficial, anti-ischemic effects of various ACE inhibitors have been repeatedly reported in patients with CAD, MI, left ventricular dysfunction, or stroke. 32,[52][53][54][55][56][57]…”

Section: Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme

Crisan

Carr

2000

The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics

106

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a paradigm for the complex interplay of environmental risk factors and multiple genetic risk factors. Genetic abnormalities that are disease-causing, however, are less frequent than genetic factors that confer increased risk for CVD. Genetic predisposition for CVD appears to be the end result of cumulative effects of common genetic polymorphisms, which would confer only modestly increased risk when present as a single genetic risk factor. 1 Such cumulative effects may be further modulated by environmental factors. Furthermore, in patients with already diagnosed CVD, the genetic risk factors may influence the patients' response to therapy and diet. 1,2 Polymorphisms of the genes encoding components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) represent an area of intense research for cardiovascular disease associations, with promising, although sometimes contradictory reported findings.

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“…The beneficial effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in cardiovascular pathology have been ascribed to a variety of mechanisms, including improvement of endothelial function, dilatation of blood vessels, inhibition of platelet aggregation and reduction in atherosclerosis (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Several studies in this field have utilized hypertensive animal models such as spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and Doca salt rats (1,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Imidapril on He-Ne Laser-Induced Thrombosis in Cerebral Blood Vessels of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Sasaki¹,

Noguchi²,

Seki³

et al. 2000

Thromb Haemost

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SummaryInhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) have been developed recently for therapeutic purposes in hypertension and ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Ogiku et al. (1) reported that one such inhibitor, imidapril, significantly prolonged survival in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). The present study was designed to investigate the effect of imidapril on cerebral blood vessels in SHRSP to clarify role of the ACE inhibitor in mechanisms of cerebral thrombosis and stroke. Imidapril was administered orally at 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks from the age of 7 weeks, and was shown to prevent the usual increase in blood pressure seen in these animals. It also delayed He-Ne laser-induced cerebral thrombosis and increased significantly the plasma concentration of nitric oxide metabolites (NO2/NO3). To confirm the association between nitric oxide (NO) and these effects of imidapril, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, NG - nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) was dissolved in drinking water and administered to the animals for 3 weeks. Four of six rats died from stroke when L-NAME was given alone. When imidapril (5.0 mg/kg/day) was administered with L-NAME, however, the animals showed no signs or symptoms of stroke. In these instances, therefore, the concurrent administration of L-NAME with imidapril reversed significantly the effects of imidapril. Intravenous injection of imidaprilat (100 µg/kg), an active metabolite of imidapril, also decreased blood pressure significantly and increased the plasma levels of NO2/NO3 after 5 min. Moreover, imidaprilat enlarged arteriolar diameters and caused an increase in red cell velocity and mean blood flow in pial arterioles after 15 min.The results strongly suggested that imidapril protects cerebral vessels in SHRSP by elevating the release of NO, thereby improving the cerebral circulation and reducing the tendency to thrombosis and stroke.

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and coronary artery disease

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Statins and Blockers of the Renin-Angiotensin System

Statins and Blockers of the Renin-Angiotensin System

Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme

Protective Effects of Imidapril on He-Ne Laser-Induced Thrombosis in Cerebral Blood Vessels of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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