Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism and Carotid Wall Thickening in a Community Population

Hung, Joseph; McQuillan, Brendan; Nidorf, Mark; Thompson, Peter L.; Beilby, John

doi:10.1161/01.atv.19.8.1969

Cited by 47 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although some studies suggested associations between the ACE D allele and increased carotid intima-medial thickness, 19 carotid plaque, 20 carotid stenosis, 21 and ischemic stroke, 22 the findings of PROGRESS confirm other negative association analyses. [23][24][25][26] Patients with cerebrovascular disease, though at very high risk of stroke, also have substantially elevated risks of myocardial infarction and other cardiac events. 27 In the PROGRESS study, 150 incident cases of nonfatal myocardial infarction and a total of 255 major coronary events were observed in the genotyped subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism Is Not Associated With the Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Benefits of ACE Inhibition

et al. 2003

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Abstract-The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene might have consequences for the risks of vascular diseases. We examined the ACE genotype and the effects of a perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering regimen on macrovascular events, dementia, and cognitive decline among hypertensive and nonhypertensive patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. ACE I/D genotypes were measured in 5688 of 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack who participated in the PROGRESS trial. The DD genotype was significantly (PϽ0.0001) less frequent in Asian subjects (Chinese and Japanese, 14.7%) than in non-Asian subjects (32.0%). Controlling for racial background, there were no associations between ACE genotypes and cerebrovascular disease history or cardiovascular risk factors, including baseline blood pressure. The ACE genotype was not associated with the long-term risks of stroke, cardiac events, mortality, dementia, or cognitive decline; neither did the ACE genotype predict the blood pressure reduction associated with the use of the ACE inhibitor perindopril. Similarly, there was no evidence that the ACE genotype modified the relative benefits of ACE inhibitor-based therapy over placebo. This study provides no evidence that in patients with cerebrovascular disease, knowledge of ACE genotype is useful for predicting either the risk of disease or the benefits of perindopril-based blood pressure-lowering treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism Is Not Associated With the Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Benefits of ACE Inhibition

et al. 2003

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“…Diabetes-related data including duration were Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms of the ACE gene were detected by validated PCR supplemented by restriction typing of PCR products (27). The A1166C polymorphism in ATR1 was identified using mutagenically separated PCR, with an A-allele-specific forward primer, a C-allele-specific forward primer and a reverse primer, with separation of PCR products on 3% agarose gel (27). APOE genotype was determined via PCR amplification and restriction enzyme digestion (28).…”

Section: Clinical Assessment and Laboratory Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate trajectory and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study

Davis

Chubb

Davis

2016

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: To investigate the association between estimated GFR (eGFR) and all-cause mortality, including the contribution of temporal eGFR changes, in well-characterised community-based patients with type 2 diabetes. Design: Longitudinal observational study. Methods: Participants from the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase 1 were assessed between 1993 and 1996 and followed until end-December 2012. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to assess the relationship between baseline eGFR category (Stage 1-5) and all-cause death, and between eGFR trajectories assigned by semiparametric group-based modelling (GBM) and all-cause death in patients with five post-baseline annual eGFR measurements. Results: In the full cohort (1296 patients; mean ± s.d. age 64.1 ± 11.3 years, 48.6% males), 738 (56.9%) died during 12.9 ± 6.1 years of follow-up. There was a U-shaped relationship between all-cause death and eGFR category. With Stage 3 (45-59 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) as reference, the strongest association was for eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (hazard ratio (95% CI) 2.01 (1.52-2.66); P < 0.001). GBM identified four linear trajectories ('low', 'medium', 'high', 'high/declining') in 532 patients with serial eGFR measurements. With medium trajectory as reference, eGFR trajectory displaced baseline eGFR category as an independent predictor of death, with low and high/declining trajectories associated with more than double the risk (2.03 (1.30-3.18) and 2.24 (1.31-3.83) respectively, P ≤ 0.003) and associated median reductions in survival of 6.5 and 8.7 years respectively. Conclusion: There is a nonlinear relationship between eGFR and death in type 2 diabetes, which is at least partially explained by a sub-group of patients with an initially high but then rapidly declining eGFR.

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“…Some studies have yielded suggestive results for the T/T genotype of the b-fibrinogen gene, 38 factor V Leiden, 39 the D/D genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism, 40 and the paraxonase gene, 38 whereas others have not found a relationship. 31,[41][42][43][44] In our analysis, heritability was only modestly attenuated by adjustment for known cardiac risk factors, suggesting that genes implicated in the variability of these phenotypes may not be major contributors to carotid IMT.…”

Section: Fox Et Al Heritability Of Carotid Intima-media Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 61%

Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Atherosclerosis Phenotypes in Men and Women

Fox

Polak

Chazaro

et al. 2003

Stroke

183

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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism and Carotid Wall Thickening in a Community Population

Cited by 47 publications

References 34 publications

The ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism Is Not Associated With the Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Benefits of ACE Inhibition

The ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism Is Not Associated With the Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Benefits of ACE Inhibition

The relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate trajectory and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study

Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Atherosclerosis Phenotypes in Men and Women

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