“…Reduce serum insulin and IR related inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α [11] Improve the activities of GSH Px, SOD and CAT in model mice, and have a strong ability to scavenge free radicals [18,20] PPAR can be upgraded γ And the expression of IRS-2, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt and GLUT2, which increase the expression of anti apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reduce the expression of pro apoptotic protein Bax [101] Weakened the Nrf2 pathway barrier induced by 5-FU [21] Reduce the expression of miR-223 and NF in PC-12 cells mediated by lipopolysaccharide-κ The activity of B pathway activates PI3K/Akt and mTOR signal pathways and improves RAGE-JNK/p38-IRS signal transduction in the liver of diabetic rats [30,[100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107] Inhibit the expression of ferrimodulin in vivo, up regulate the expression of Nrf2, increase the serum iron content, and reduce the iron load in the tissues of iron overload model mice [56,[58][59][60] Selectively activate ATF6 branch in UPR, induce activation of ATF6 and increase of ATF6 target protein [97,35] Inhibit MAPK pathway and reduce the abundance of bifidobacteria in intestine [48] Reduce the number of autophagic vesicles, regulate mitochondrial autophagic homeostasis, activate mTOR and Notch signaling pathways, and down regulate BNIP3 to block apoptosis and autophagy. [79,80]…”