Aneuploids in the shrub birch Betula humilis populations in Poland

Jadwiszczak, Katarzyna A.; Jabłońska, Ewa; Kłosowski, Stanisław; Banaszek, Agata

doi:10.5586/asbp.2011.015

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, the threat of hybridization is not exclusive to N. pumila. A similar level of threat has been observed in the genus Betula, with B. nana hybridizing with B. pubescens (Anamthawat-Jonsson and Thorsson 2003) and B. humilis hybridizing with B. pendula and B. pubescens (Natho 1959;Jadwiszczak et al 2011Jadwiszczak et al , 2012. Moreover, natural hybridization between the various species of Carex seems to be quite frequent.…”

Section: Wetland Glacial Relicts Of the Alpssupporting

confidence: 57%

Glacial relicts in the Alps: the decline and conservation strategy for Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae)

Bétrisey

Arrigo

Graf³

et al. 2020

Alp Botany

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The Alps played an important role in the biogeography of European plants and acted as a refugium for numerous species during the interglacial cycles. We investigated Nuphar pumila, one of the most emblematic glacial relicts of the Alps, by carrying out exhaustive literature and field surveys to collect relevant data on its distribution and threats. We further evaluated the level of introgression with the closely related N. lutea based on microsatellite data from natural populations across the Alps as well as from all ex situ collections and reintroductions in Switzerland. According to our results, more than 60% of the known N. pumila populations went extinct, and the species currently presents 37 natural populations in the investigated area. A large number of populations were affected by eutrophication (69%) and hybridization with N. lutea (53%). Priority should be given to the in situ conservation of genetically pure populations, while ex situ cultures should be applied to nearly extinct populations and the genetically pure individuals still present in hybrid populations. N. pumila is an excellent representative of the wetland/aquatic glacial relicts that are particularly affected by the combination of climate change and habitat degradation. International integration of research and conservation programs is needed to limit the decline of such rare species in the Alps.

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Section: Wetland Glacial Relicts Of the Alpssupporting

confidence: 57%

Glacial relicts in the Alps: the decline and conservation strategy for Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae)

Bétrisey

Arrigo

Graf³

et al. 2020

Alp Botany

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“…Using cpDNA markers, Jadwiszczak et al (2012a) demonstrated that sympatric populations of B. humilis, B. pendula and B. pubescens were genetically indistinguishable. Additionally, chromosome analysis conducted in the Polish populations of shrub birch revealed 19-60 % of aneuploid individuals (Jadwiszczak et al 2011c). Based on the presence of aneuploids in sympatric populations of B. pendula and B. pubescens (Helms and Jørgensen 1925;Hagman 1971), Jadwiszczak et al (2011c) suggested that atypical karyotypes of some B. humilis specimens originated from interspecific crosses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, chromosome analysis conducted in the Polish populations of shrub birch revealed 19-60 % of aneuploid individuals (Jadwiszczak et al 2011c). Based on the presence of aneuploids in sympatric populations of B. pendula and B. pubescens (Helms and Jørgensen 1925;Hagman 1971), Jadwiszczak et al (2011c) suggested that atypical karyotypes of some B. humilis specimens originated from interspecific crosses. However, testing the influence of interspecific gene exchange on the genetic diversity of B. humilis requires comparative studies of the nuclear genomes of conspecific birches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual reproduction efficiency and genetic diversity of endangered Betula humilis Schrk. populations from edge and sub-central parts of its range

et al. 2016

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Outcrossed mating systems play a very important role in the persistence of endangered, selfincompatible plants such as shrub birch, Betula humilis Schrk. The goal of this study was to estimate, for the first time, the effectiveness of sexual reproduction in threatened edge and sub-central populations of shrub birch. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method revealed that all of the individuals at each locality had different genotypes. The matrix incompatibility count (MIC) suggested that the effectiveness of recombination was similar among all the populations of shrub birch under study. However, taking into account the greater germination ability of seeds in subcentral populations, we conclude that sexual reproduction in those populations can be more efficient. The germination capacity of seeds depends on their mass, which was significantly lower in dry or more shaded sites compared to wet or more exposed sites. Nonsignificant results of multiple regression models suggest that chemical parameters of the habitat (pH, EC, NH 4 + , PO 4 3− ) had no influence on the reproductive output of B. humilis. The discrepancy between the still quite substantial genetic diversity and the poor sexual reproduction in shrub birch populations can be explained by the production of a few phosphorus-rich seeds, insufficient time for a decrease in genetic variation in the disappearing part of the range or hybridization with close congeners.

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“…Similarly, haplotypic differentiation has been detected neither between B. pendula and B. pubescens nor between B. pubescens and B. nana (Palmé et al 2004;Maliouchenko et al 2007). Based on morphological measurements (Staszkiewicz et al 1993) and karyotype analysis (Jadwiszczak et al 2011c), hybridisation between B. humilis and congeneric species has previously been hypothesised to commonly occur. Comparative studies of genome sizes have also confirmed recent hybridisation events among European birches .…”

Section: Introgression Among Birchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast DNA variation of Betula humilis Schrk. in Poland and Belarus

Jadwiszczak

Banaszek

Jabłońska

et al. 2012

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Betula humilis is an endangered plant species in Central Europe. In order to protect this species, it is necessary to document its genetic diversity in this region and to identify areas for conservation prioritisation. As molecular investigations conducted throughout the ranges of many plant species have shown that the highest genetic diversities are found within former glacial refugia and/or within the contact zones of different phylogenetic lineages, we investigated the reasons underlying the considerable genetic variation of B. humilis in northeastern Poland revealed previously using nuclear microsatellites. We analysed 365 individuals of B. humilis from 19 populations and 67 specimens of Betula pendula and Betula pubescens sampled in four geographical regions in Poland and Belarus for polymorphism in chloroplast PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism markers. Genetic data strongly suggested that B. humilis could have survived the Last Glacial Maximum at higher latitudes, but the hypothesis of a refugium in southeastern Poland was rejected. Chloroplast DNA analysis confirmed high genetic diversity in some populations in northeastern Poland. This phenomenon can likely be explained in terms of a suture zone, as the high haplotypic richness was followed by h T ≤v T . Similar patterns of haplotype distributions in the birches under study and high introgression ratio (IG00.71) among B. humilis and congeneric trees suggested that postglacial recolonisation of the shrub birch was complicated by haplotype sharing with other birches.

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Aneuploids in the shrub birch Betula humilis populations in Poland

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Glacial relicts in the Alps: the decline and conservation strategy for Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae)

Glacial relicts in the Alps: the decline and conservation strategy for Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae)

Sexual reproduction efficiency and genetic diversity of endangered Betula humilis Schrk. populations from edge and sub-central parts of its range

Chloroplast DNA variation of Betula humilis Schrk. in Poland and Belarus

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