Anesthetic Efficiency of Three Medicinal Plant Oils for Aquatic Species: Coriander Coriandrum sativum, Linaloe Tree Bursera delpechiana, and Lavender Lavandula hybrida

Abstract

This study evaluated the potential of three essential oils (EOs) that were obtained from coriander Coriandrum sativum (CEO), linaloe tree Bursera delpechiana (BEO), and lavender Lavandula hybrida (LEO) as anesthetic agents. Convict Cichlids Amatitlania nigrofasciata (Günther 1867) were exposed to eight concentrations of anesthetic (50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, and 300 μL/L). After exposure to the anesthetic, the fish were transferred to clean water to recover. All of the EOs produced an anesthetic effect after exposure to the compounds for 30 min at the minimal effective concentration (MEC), which was identified according to deep anesthesia (A 5 < 3 min) and full recovery (R 3 < 5 min) times. At 50 and 75 μL/L, the total loss of equilibrium was not observed for all tested EOs. The total loss of reflex was induced at a faster rate with higher concentrations of anesthetic in all groups. The recovery time generally increased as the concentration of the anesthetic increased. These findings suggest that CEO, BEO, and LEO are all novel potential anesthetics for aquaculture, and the optimal concentrations were identified as 150 μL/L (A 5 ; 156 ± 1.7 s and R 3 ; 165 ± 2.9 s), 125 μL/L (A 5 ; 176 ± 3.5 s; R 3 ; 125 ± 2.0 s), and 200 μL/L (A 5 ; 20.1 ± 2.4 s and R 3 ; 162 ± 3.4 s), respectively. When considering the active ingredients of EOs, this study also demonstrated that future studies should be focused on the major components such as linalyl acetate, 1.8-cineole, α-pinene, geraniol, and linalool. Their synergistic effects should be examined in herbal anesthetic treatments, since new commercial anesthetics will likely contain them.

Efficacy of cumin ( Cuminum cyminum ) and lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia ) essential oils as anaesthesics in common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.1758)

“…The pharmacological effects of essential oils, as sedatives or anaesthetics, could be a direct result of a single major compound or interactions amongst, active substances (Cunha et al, 2017; Heldwein et al, 2014). The anaesthetic and sedative efficacy of lavender and cumin essential oils are ascribed to linalyl acetate and linalool for lavender and cuminaldehyde, acetylphenylcarbinol and p‐allylanisole (estragole) for cumin respectively (Aydın & Barbas, 2020; Can et al, 2019).…”

“…The anaesthetic effect of lavender essential oil has been studied in different fish species (Can et al, 2019; Can & Sümer, 2019; Metin et al, 2015). Can and Sümer (2019) noted that 300 µl L –1 (induction time: 109.2 s, recovery time: 420.0 s) lavender ( L .…”

Geraniol Enhances Inhibitory Inputs to Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus and Induces Sedation in Mice

“…Recent studies found that GE treatment relieved pathological pain in mice (La Rocca et al, 2017; Lv et al, 2017). Additionally, several studies have shown that GE could modulate sedation in rodents or aquatic species (Can et al, 2019; Medeiros et al, 2018). They found GE could increase barbiturate-induced sleeping time in rats and conjectured that these effects were related to GE’s depressant effect on the central nervous system (Medeiros et al, 2018).…”

“…Reports showed that GE had anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-nociceptive, neuroprotective, and anti-cancer effects (Cho et al, 2016; Khan et al, 2013; La Rocca et al, 2017; Lv et al, 2017; Rekha et al, 2013; Thapa et al, 2012). Notably, it might also have sedative effects in fish and rats (Can et al, 2019; Medeiros et al, 2018). However, the underlying mechanisms of GE in sedation remain elusive, and the role of GE in these processes requires further dissection.…”

Antimicrobials from Medicinal Plants: An Emergent Strategy to Control Oral Biofilms

“…β-linalool and (E)-cinnamaldehyde are the two main compounds present in this oil, and can be pointed out as responsible for its antibiofilm properties [132,133]. In addition, the essential oils of Coriandrum sativum L., a medicinal plant with nutritional benefits, commonly named coriander, exhibit antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against S. mutans, in addition to holding antioxidant and anesthetic properties [134,135]. Galvão et al [9] used a chemical fraction of C. sativum essential oil as an antibacterial against S. mutans UA 159, at a concentration of 31.2 µg•mL −1 , being able to inhibit the growth of S. mutans biofilms by more than 95%.…”