Anesthesia Xxvii. Narcosis With Vinyl Chloride

Oster, Robert H.; Carr, C. Jelleff; Krantz, John C.; Sauerwald, Mary Jane

doi:10.1097/00000542-194707000-00003

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…rhythmias (2), and sensitization of the myocardium (3). Relatively high concentrations of VC (1040o in air) for 30 min produced narcosis and/or death in mice, rats, and guinea pigs (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalation toxicity of vinyl chloride and Vinylidene chloride

Lee¹,

Bhandari²,

Winston³

et al. 1977

Environ Health Perspect

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Exposure of mice to 1000 ppm of vinyl chloride (VC), 6 hr/day, 5 days/week, caused some acute deaths with toxic hepatitis and marked tubular necrosis of the renal cortex. Starting the sixth month, mice exposed to 1000, 250, or 50 ppm of VC became lethargic, lost weight quickly, and died. Only a few mice exposed to 50 ppm survived for 12 months. Pulmonary macrophage count was elevated in some mice. There was a high incidence of bronchiolo-alveolar adenoma, mammary gland tumors including ductular adenocarcinoma, squamous and anaplastic cell carcinomas with metastasis to the lung, and hemangiosarcoma in the liver, and, to a lesser extent, in some other organs. The incidence of these tumors quickly increased, and the severity was in direct proportion to the levels of VC and the length of exposure. Malignant lymphoma involving various organs was observed in a few mice. Rats were more resistant to the toxic effects of VC. Exposure to 1000 ppm slightly depressed the body weight of the females. Exposures of 250 or 1000 ppm caused a number of deaths and hemangiosarcoma in the liver starting the ninth month. Most rats with hepatic hemangiosarcoma also developed hemangiosarcoma in the lung. Hemangiosarcoma occasionally occurred in other tissues of one or two rats exposed to 50 ppm or higher level of VC. Exposure of mice to 55 ppm of vinylidene chloride (VDC) also caused a few acute deaths and a few hepatic hemangiosarcomas. Inflammatory, degenerative, and mitotic changes occurred in the liver. No mouse exposed to VDC developed any mammary gland tumors. Several mice had bronchioloalveolar adenoma. Exposure of rats to 55 ppm of VDC slightly depressed the body weight. Hemangiosarcoma occurred in the mesenteric lymph node or subcutaneous tissue in two rats.

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“…rhythmias (2), and sensitization of the myocardium (3). Relatively high concentrations of VC (1040o in air) for 30 min produced narcosis and/or death in mice, rats, and guinea pigs (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalation toxicity of vinyl chloride and Vinylidene chloride

Lee¹,

Bhandari²,

Winston³

et al. 1977

Environ Health Perspect

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“…It was originally thought to be harmless and was developed as a possible general anaesthetic but was never used following the finding of cardiac arrhythmias in dogs. 1 A Russian paper describing enlarged tender livers in men who worked with mature and plasticised PVC is much quoted in the context of VCM toxicity but is probably irrelevant.2 In 1963 Suciu3 described Raynaud's phenomenon and hepatomegaly in workers in a PVC production plant in Rumania andin 1966-1967 there were reports of a syndrome characterised by acro-osteolysis, Raynaud's syndrome, dermal induration, and bone lesions in PVC autoclave cleaners from Belgium,4 Britain,5 and in the United States.6 Following these findings changes were made in the production process and industrially related acro-osteolysis was eliminated. A series of experiments was subsequently set up with rats.…”

Section: Background and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupationally related angiosarcoma of the liver in the United Kingdom 1972-1994.

Lee

Smith

Bennett

et al. 1996

Gut

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“…VCM was reported as 'less harmful than carbon tetrachloride and chloroform' and therefore the researchers concluded that '[t]he narcotic action of VCM and its comparatively low toxicity suggest its possible use for surgical anesthesia' [49]. The use of VCM as anesthetic was subsequently researched [50]. Findings for ethylene dichloride concluded with comparisons that 'for single exposures and periods of an hour or more the toxicity of ethylene dichloride appears to be of about the same order as gasoline, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform' [48].…”

Section: History Of Recognition Of Issues With Vcm and Setting Of Expmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Healthiness of Sustainable Construction: Example of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Petrović

Hamer

2018

Buildings

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Abstract:With the increasing emphasis on sustainable construction, it has become important to better understand the impacts of common materials. This is especially paramount with the introduction of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which call for more comprehensive evaluations, adding many aspects of social consideration to the issues of environmental sustainability, including human health. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/vinyl can be seen as a material with potential for significant adverse effects on a multiplicity of levels, and the construction industry is its single most significant consumer. This article presents a transdisciplinary review of adverse health impacts associated with PVC showing a number of issues: some that could be eliminated through design, but also some which appear inherent to the material itself and therefore unavoidable. The totality of issues revealed in relation to PVC presents a compelling case for a call for complete elimination of use of this material in sustainable construction.

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Anesthesia Xxvii. Narcosis With Vinyl Chloride

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Inhalation toxicity of vinyl chloride and Vinylidene chloride

Inhalation toxicity of vinyl chloride and Vinylidene chloride

Occupationally related angiosarcoma of the liver in the United Kingdom 1972-1994.

Improving the Healthiness of Sustainable Construction: Example of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

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