Anesthesia Simulators and Training Devices

New simulation-based airway management training program for junior physicians: Advanced Airway Life Support

“…The AALS program was instructed by the anesthesiologists because anesthesiologists (Gaba & DeAnda 1988;Good & Gravenstein 1989;Gaba 2000).…”

An overview of quality and safety in health care

“…2 It is therefore gratifying that anesthesiologists have a long-standing reputation for advancing patient safety 3 which is supported by numerous examples, including (amongst others) the establishment of the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation (APSF) in 1985 under the leadership of Jeep Pierce 4 with the mission to ''ensure that no patient is harmed by anesthesia''; the establishment of the Australian Patient Safety Foundation in 1988 by Bill Runciman, 5 also with the aim of reducing harm to patients; at about the same time, David Gaba's introduction to anesthesiology of the concepts of ''Normal Accident Theory''; 6 the early adoption of reporting and learning from incidents, including near misses, by Jeff Cooper 7 and Bill Runciman; 8 and the uptake of simulation as a tool for teaching and research in anesthesia. [9][10][11][12] This intense focus on patient safety is appropriate as anesthesia is intrinsically dangerous. Even in wellresourced parts of the world, substantial reductions in mortality from anesthesia have occurred only relatively recently.…”

“…2 Ainsi, il est gratifiant de savoir que les anesthésiologistes ont depuis longtemps la réputation de faire avancer la sécurité des patients, 3 ce que de nombreux exemples confirment, notamment : la création en 1985 de l'APSF américaine (Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation), la Fondation pour la sécurité des patients en anesthésie, sous le leadership de Jeep Pierce, 4 dont la mission est de « garantir qu'aucun patient ne subit de tort causé par l'anesthésie »; en 1988, la création par Bill Runciman de l'Australian Patient Safety Foundation, la Fondation australienne pour la sécurité des patients, 5 dont l'objectif était de réduire le tort fait aux patients; à la même époque, l'introduction en anesthésiologie des concepts de la « Théorie de l'accident normal » par David Gaba; 6 l'adoption précoce des comptes rendus d'incidents et des leçons à en tirer, y compris des accidents évités de justesse (ou near-miss), par Jeff Cooper 7 et Bill Runciman; 8 et l'adoption de la simulation comme outil d'enseignement et de recherche en anesthésie. [9][10][11][12] L'anesthésie étant intrinsèquement dangereuse, l'insistance énorme mise sur la sécurité des patients est justifiée. Même dans les régions du monde où les ressources ne sont pas un problème, ce n'est que relativement récemment que d'importantes réductions de la mortalité liée à l'anesthésie sont survenues.…”

A brief history of the development of mannequin simulators for clinical education and training

“…Many other sources of abstractsfor example, other medical and nursing meetings-were not searched because of time and Abbreviations: ACRM, Anesthesia Crisis Resource Management; ASC, Anesthesia Simulator-Consultant; CASE, Comprehensive Anesthesia Simulation Environment; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CRM, crew resource management; ERCP, endoscopic resection of colonic polyps; GAS, Gainesville Anesthesia Simulator *Good and Gravenstein refer to the very early roots of simulation, for instance to the medieval quintain, a mounted figure used for lance practice by horse mounted knights. 1 There is a successful history of simulation in nonmedical domains, with aviation most often cited as the example to emulate. That experience has influenced the development of medical simulators, but is described elsewhere.…”