Anesthesia Equipment

Influence of the mode of ventilation on ketamine/xylazine requirements in rabbits

“…Nevertheless, information about MV in ill or healthy rabbits is limited. There is minimal information provided on methods and modes of MV in veterinary anesthesia texts (Short 1987; Flecknell 1996; Paddleford 1996; Vogler 1997; Haskins 2003). The main sources of information on MV in rabbits are brief descriptions in the articles in which these animals were used as experimental animals.…”

Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

“…The details of the specific physiologic measures to be monitored and the frequency and means of documentation should be de scribed in the research protocol and approved by the IACUC. The use of auto mated multifunction measuring devices-which maintain a running record of such metabolic measures as blood pressure, blood oxygenation, expiratory CO 2 , and pulse rate-can greatly facilitate the monitoring of anesthesia and general physiologic state (Vogler, 1997). However, not all devices maintain a historical record, and regular measurements should be recorded under these circumstances.…”

“…The issues involved in maintaining an experimental animal in good physi ologic condition during a prolonged recording experiment are similar to those involved in other situations that require the long-term maintenance of animals in clinical situations (NIH, 1991). Animals that are paralyzed must be ventilated artificially, and standard veterinary practices should be followed when selecting the gas mixture and anesthetic or analgesic used (Vogler, 1997). In some cases, gaseous anesthetics or analgesics are included in the gas mixture (such as isoflurane and N 2 O), while in other cases, room air with or without added oxygen is used.…”

“…However, N 2 O increases cerebral blood flow, and this side effect may be of special concern to researchers performing intracranial procedures (Drummond et al, 1987). Animals exposed to artificial ventilation for long periods should be hyperinflated (sighed) at regular intervals to help to avoid collapse of the pulmonary alveoli (atelectasis) (Vogler, 1997). Hydration of the inspired gases is also helpful in preventing desiccation of lung tissues.…”

A comparison of a forced-air warming system to traditional thermal support for rodent microenvironments

“…Active warming is required to prevent hypothermia when laboratory rodents are anaesthetized with inhalant gases, shaved during surgical preparation, wiped with cold skin disinfectants, or undergo invasive procedures (Waynforth & Flecknell 1992, Flecknell 1996, Vogler 1997. In cold procedure rooms, metabolic heat is largely lost to the environment by radiation and convection and, to a lesser extent, by conductive and evaporative heat transfer (Ryan & Vacanti 1986, Gordon 1993.…”