Anesthesia effects on the low frequency blood flow oscillations in mouse skin

Astashev, Maxim E.; Serov, Dmitriy A.; Tankanag, Arina V.

doi:10.1111/srt.12593

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The application of WA to LDF raw signals reveals the dominant frequencies for each component, where all major band components are defined by their limits (in Hz), and might be represented by 2D frequency spectra (Figure 2). The reference was the human component frequencies [7,11] already used for rats and recently confirmed in the mouse [15]. Our results are remarkably coincident for the low frequency oscillations, e.g., for the endothelial, neurogenic and myogenic components, although some differences arise regarding the cardiac and respiratory components, clearly related with the use of different anesthetic mixtures [15].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The reference was the human component frequencies [7,11] already used for rats and recently confirmed in the mouse [15]. Our results are remarkably coincident for the low frequency oscillations, e.g., for the endothelial, neurogenic and myogenic components, although some differences arise regarding the cardiac and respiratory components, clearly related with the use of different anesthetic mixtures [15]. The evolution of these bands of dominant frequencies in all groups during our experimental protocol is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anesthesia is another major determinant to consider. Ketamine/xylazine anesthesia was suggested [18] to increase parasympathetic activity and suppress sympathetic and baroreceptor activity on rats, and a recently published study in the mouse shows that anesthesia definitively affects LDF component amplitudes associated to sympathetic activity and cardio-respiratory limits [15]. Finally, experimental design is a critical determinant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing Vascular Dysfunction in Genetically Modified Mice through the Hyperoxia Model

Rodrigues

Silva

Ferreira

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Modelling is essential for a better understanding of microcirculatory pathophysiology. In this study we tested our hyperoxia-mouse model with healthy and non-healthy mice. Animals (n = 41) were divided in groups—a control group, with 8 C57/BL6 non-transgenic male mice, a diabetic group (DB), with 8 C57BLKsJ-db/db obese diabetic mice and the corresponding internal controls of 8 age-matched C57BLKsJ-db/+ mice, and a cardiac hypertrophy group (CH), with 9 FVB/NJ cα-MHC-NHE-1 transgenic mice prone to develop cardiac failure and 8 age-matched internal controls. After anesthesia, perfusion data was collected by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) during rest (Phase 1), hyperoxia (Phase 2), and recovery (Phase 3) and compared. The LDF wavelet transform components analysis (WA) has shown that cardiorespiratory, myogenic, and endothelial components acted as main markers. In DB group, db/+ animals behave as the Control group, but WA already demonstrated significant differences for myogenic and endothelial components. Noteworthy was the increase of the sympathetic components in the db/db set, as in the cardiac overexpressing NHE1 transgenic animals, reported as a main component of these pathophysiological processes. Our model confirms that flow motion has a universal nature. The LDF component’s WA provides a deeper look into vascular pathophysiology reinforcing the model’s reproducibility, robustness, and discriminative capacities.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing Vascular Dysfunction in Genetically Modified Mice through the Hyperoxia Model

Rodrigues

Silva

Ferreira

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Additionally, the model utilizes the wavelet transform analysis (WA), a scale-independent tool used to obtain a spectral decomposition of the continuous, pulsatile, raw LDF signal [9][10][11][12]. A wavelet is a small wave/oscillation that decays quickly and can adopt different shapes according to the objective of the analysis [9,[13][14][15]. After choosing the shape of the original wavelet, also termed the "mother wavelet", a family of wavelets is obtained by stretching and shortening its length in time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For blood peripheral perfusion variables, including cardiac, respiratory, and peripheral (myogenic, neurogenic, and endothelial) components, the Morlet mother wavelet shows good localization both in time and frequency domains, in addition to an adequate correlation between time, width, and the corresponding frequency [9,14]. This analytical strategy, although not common in experimental animals, was previously attempted in rats [13] and more recently in mice as part of the development of this model [14,15] using human component frequencies as a reference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelet Analysis of Microcirculatory Flowmotion Reveals Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanisms–Data from a Beta-Blocker

et al. 2020

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A variety of animal models exist for the study of cardiovascular function using many approaches from surgically induced ischemia to genetic manipulation. A murine physiological model was recently proposed for the non-invasive study of peripheral circulation and was strengthened by the wavelet transform analysis (WA) of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) signals. WA allows the extraction of cardiac, respiratory, sympathetic, endothelial, and myogenic components from the raw LDF signal. The present study was designed to evaluate the discernment capacity of the model through an analysis of the short-term effects of the well-known hypotensive cardiovascular drug, atenolol. Six male C57/BL6 mice (16 weeks old) were included in the study, with each animal serving as its own control. Following anesthesia with ketamine-xylazine, skin perfusions were continuously assessed in both hindlimbs by LDF during baseline and after two sequential atenolol administrations (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg, as commonly prescribed). Expected atenolol-induced hypotension was present, associated with a significantly increased heart rate and peripheral perfusion with both dosages. Through the application of WA to the LDF signal, we could detail the mechanisms of the atenolol-induced peripheral perfusion modulation: an immediate amplitude decrease of the cardiac LDF spectrum with an amplitude increase of the sympathetic component (p < 0.05) and the endothelial and myogenic components (non-significant). These data suggested a regulatory crosstalk between the peripheral (baroreceptors) and the microcirculatory units, which ultimately resulted in hypotension, inotropic reduction, and tachycardia. In conclusion, WA offered insight that simply could not be seen with only the perfusion curve and, thus, was an effective tool to investigate this cardiovascular mechanism of regulation.

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Low‐frequency oscillations of murine skin microcirculations and periodic changes of [Ca²⁺]_i and [NO]_i levels in murine endotheliocytes: An effect of provocative tests

Serov

Tankanag

Astashev

2021

Cell Biology International

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The five frequency intervals of skin blood oscillation were described: cardiac, respiratory, myogenic, neurogenic, and endothelial. The endothelial interval is derived into NO‐independent and NO‐dependent. The exact molecular, cell, or systemic mechanisms of endothelial oscillations generation are unclear. We proposed that oscillations of Ca2+ and NO in endotheliocytes may be possible sources of skin blood perfusion (SBP) oscillations in endothelial interval. To examine our hypothesis we compared the oscillations of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and NO ([Ca2+]i and [NO]i) concentration in cultured murine microvascular endotheliocytes and SBP oscillations in mice. Local heating test and model hypoxia were used as tools to evaluate an interconnection of studied parameters. [Ca2+]i and [NO]i were measured simultaneously by Fura‐2 AM and DAF‐FM. The SBP was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. The [Ca2+]i and [NO]i oscillations at 0.005−0.01 Hz were observed in endotheliocytes, that coincides the ranges of NO‐independent endothelial interval. Heating decreased amplitude of [Ca2+]i and [NO]i oscillations in cells in NO‐independent endothelial interval, while amplitudes of SBP oscillations increased in NO‐independent and NO‐dependent intervals. Hypoxia reduced the [NO]i oscillations amplitude. Heating test during hypoxia increased NO‐independent endothelial SBP oscillations and decreased myogenic ones, did not effect on [NO]i oscillations, and shifted [Ca2+]i oscillations peak from 0.005−0.01 Hz to 0.01−0.018 Hz. We observed the [Ca2+]i and [NO]i oscillations synchronization within a cell and between cells for the first time. Heating abolished these synchronizations. Therefore low‐frequency [Ca2+]i and [NO]i oscillations in endotheliocytes may be considered as modulators of low‐frequency endothelial SBP oscillations.

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Anesthesia effects on the low frequency blood flow oscillations in mouse skin

Abstract: We suggest that the different influence of anesthesia modes on the amplitudes of skin blood flow oscillations is associated with sympathetic activity suppressed by zoletil-xylazine anesthesia.

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Characterizing Vascular Dysfunction in Genetically Modified Mice through the Hyperoxia Model

Characterizing Vascular Dysfunction in Genetically Modified Mice through the Hyperoxia Model

Wavelet Analysis of Microcirculatory Flowmotion Reveals Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanisms–Data from a Beta-Blocker

Low‐frequency oscillations of murine skin microcirculations and periodic changes of [Ca²⁺]_i and [NO]_i levels in murine endotheliocytes: An effect of provocative tests

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Anesthesia effects on the low frequency blood flow oscillations in mouse skin

Abstract: We suggest that the different influence of anesthesia modes on the amplitudes of skin blood flow oscillations is associated with sympathetic activity suppressed by zoletil-xylazine anesthesia.

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Characterizing Vascular Dysfunction in Genetically Modified Mice through the Hyperoxia Model

Characterizing Vascular Dysfunction in Genetically Modified Mice through the Hyperoxia Model

Wavelet Analysis of Microcirculatory Flowmotion Reveals Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanisms–Data from a Beta-Blocker

Low‐frequency oscillations of murine skin microcirculations and periodic changes of [Ca2+]i and [NO]i levels in murine endotheliocytes: An effect of provocative tests

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Low‐frequency oscillations of murine skin microcirculations and periodic changes of [Ca²⁺]_i and [NO]_i levels in murine endotheliocytes: An effect of provocative tests