Anesthesia and Surgical Procedures in Swine

Anderson, David E.; Mulon, Pierre Yves

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch11

Cited by 17 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Umbilical herniation is a lack of appropriate fusion of the body wall at the umbilicus, with subsequent protrusion of abdominal organs. Umbilical infections with pyogenic bacteria may be a risk factor for umbilical hernia, both as causal and contributory, with abscesses often present ( Anderson and Mulon, 2019 ). A genetic association has been reported for umbilical herniation ( Searcy-Bernal et al, 1994 ; Rutten-Ramos and Deen, 2006 ; Ding et al, 2009 ; Liao et al, 2015 ; Long et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scrotal or inguinal herniation is a condition where abdominal organs extend beyond the inguinal ring and protrude into the inguinal canal ( Anderson and Mulon, 2019 ). With chronic herniation including displacement of intestine, strangulation can occur and lead to extreme pain, necrosis, and death.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While exact pathogenesis is unknown, it has been reported that scrotal/inguinal herniation is associated with specific genetic lines ( Magee, 1951 ; Grindflek et al, 2006 ; Ding et al, 2009 ; Lago et al, 2018 ). Surgical correction has been described by Anderson and Mulon (2019) ; however, it is not commonly performed in a commercial setting. Prevalence of inguinal herniation has been reported to be 0.1% to 0.7% ( Straw et al, 2009 ; Yun et al, 2017 ; Ramirez, 2019 ) with a case fatality rate of 25.0% ( Straw et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals experiencing rectal prolapse often are euthanized for welfare concerns. Factors reported to lead to greater incidence of rectal prolapse include piling due to cold temperatures, abdominal straining, mycotoxins, having a short tail, being a barrow, offspring from a low parity dam, low birth weight, genetic predisposition, chronic water shortage, and excess dietary lysine ( Gardner et al, 1988 ; Amass et al, 1995; Anderson and Mulon, 2019 ). Multiple reports also have challenged the theory of seasonality and sex differences in prolapse rate ( Garden et al, 1988 ) and association with coughing, pneumonia, constipation, or diarrhea ( Garden et al, 1988 ; Gardner et al, 1988 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production. I: review of non-infectious contributing factors

Gebhardt

Tokach

Dritz

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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Postweaning mortality is a complex causal matrix involving animal, environment, and infectious etiologic factors. Despite advances in swine productivity such as total pigs born, growth rate, feed intake, and efficiency, there have been modest to no improvements in postweaning mortality rates over the last several years. Industry averages for postweaning mortality range from four to eight percent for each the nursery, grow-finish, or wean-finish stages. Retrospective mortality causal analyses of individual databases have been performed. However, little information derived from meta-analysis, systematic review, or comprehensive literature reviews are available. In order to develop and evaluate strategies to comprehensively manage and reduce postweaning mortality, addressing the complexity and range of impact that factors have on mortality is necessary to identify and prioritize such contributing factors. Our objective is to describe the current state of knowledge regarding non-infectious causes of postweaning mortality, focusing on estimates of frequency and magnitude of effect where available. Postweaning mortality can be generalized into non-infectious and infectious causes, with non-infectious factors further classified into anatomic abnormalities, toxicity, animal factors, facility factors, nutritional inadequacies, season, and management factors. Important non-infectious factors that have been identified through review of literature include birth weight, pre-weaning management, weaning age and weight, and season. Additionally, reasons for mortality with a low incidence but a high magnitude include abdominal organ torsion/volvulus, sodium ion or ionophore toxicosis, or dietary imbalance due to feed formulation or manufacture error. Many interactive effects are present between and among infectious and non-infectious factors, but an important trend is the impact that non-infectious factors have on the incidence, severity, and resolution of infectious disease. Strategies to reduce postweaning mortality must consider the dynamic, complex state that forms the causal web. Control of postweaning mortality through understanding of the complexity, evaluation of mortality reduction strategies through rigorous scientific evaluation, and implementation remains an area of opportunity for continued growth and development in the global swine industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production. I: review of non-infectious contributing factors

Gebhardt

Tokach

Dritz

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Umbilical hernias ultimately result in a multi-million dollar loss to the swine industry due to reduced growth potential, low-value pigs at weaning and harvest and higher grow to finish animal culling rates ( Ding et al, 2009 ; Anderson and Mulon, 2019 ). Umbilical hernias are defined as a discontinuity of the abdominal wall at the umbilicus region with protrusion of abdominal content into the skin and surrounding connective creating a hernia sac ( Anderson and Mulon, 2019 ). Umbilical hernia prevalence has been reported as low as 0.4% and up to 1.5% in commercial herds ( Searcy-Bernal et al, 1994 ; Straw et al, 2008 ; Ding et al, 2009 ; Yun et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring birth weight and umbilical cord diameter at birth to predict subsequent performance in swine

Fordyce

Hines

Edwards

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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In the swine industry, pre-weaning mortality, umbilical hernia incidence and pig market weight are a few contributing factors affecting profitability and welfare on farm. Therefore, the ability to reliably predict any of these outcomes is valuable to swine operations. Mortality during the pre-weaning phase, umbilical hernia incidence and poor-quality finisher pigs can represent a multi-million dollar loss and increase in welfare concerns to the producer. Consequently, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether birth weight (BW), umbilical cord diameter at birth (UCD), and the calculated umbilical diameter at birth to birth weight ratio (UCD:BW), are potential indicators of both placental efficiency and relative defect size in the abdominal musculature as well as reliable predictors of pre-weaning mortality, umbilical hernia incidence, and pig body weight at 150 d of age in a commercial facility. Mixed sex commercial piglets were followed through production. Four hundred sixty-five piglets were weighed within 1 h of birth, and the UCD was determined using digital calipers, these animals were followed through weaning. Three hundred eighty-five pigs of the 465 were followed through the post-wean phase in the nursery facility and checked for umbilical hernia incidence. Finally, of the 385 pigs, 177 pigs were assessed for umbilical hernia incidence and weighed a final time at the grower-finisher facility. All data were analyzed using PROC Logistic and PROC GLM procedures. The variables of UCD:BW and BW were significantly associated with the probability of increased pre-weaning mortality (P <0.001). For example, piglets with a low UCD:BW, but an increased BW had the greatest survival rate. Umbilical diameter (UCD) was not significantly associated with pre-weaning mortality. Post-weaning mortality was not significantly affected by UCD:BW, BW, or UCD variables. Umbilical hernia incidence was not significantly affected by UCD:BW at the nursery phase or growing-finishing phase. Pig body weight at 150 d of age was significantly affected by UCD:BW, BW and UCD variables (P < 0.001). For example, piglets that had a larger UCD weighed more at 150 d of age. In conclusion, measuring the calculated UCD:BW has the potential to be a novel tool for future research looking into the impacts of umbilical measurements as it relates to placental function, fetal development, piglet survivability and impacts on future performance of the animal.

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Anaesthesia, analgesia and cardiovascular support in a Kunekune pig undergoing a complicated umbilical hernia repair

Dagnall¹,

Deutsch²

2023

Vet Record Case Reports

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This report describes the peri‐operative anaesthesia and analgesia management of a 5‐year‐old Kunekune pig undergoing surgical correction of an umbilical hernia. Premedication with azaperone (1 mg/kg), xylazine (0.5 mg/kg), butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) and ketamine (5 mg/kg) intramuscularly preceded induction of anaesthesia with ketamine (2 mg/kg) intravenously. General anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Analgesia was supported intraoperatively by a transversus abominis plane block with lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg), and a ketamine (10 μg/kg/min) infusion intravenously. Crystalloid fluid boluses and atropine intravenously were administered, and mechanical ventilation was stopped to aid correction of hypotension. Post‐operative analgesia was supported with a continuous infusion of ketamine (5 μg/kg/min) intravenously, butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) intravenously every 6 hours, paracetamol (10 mg/kg) intravenously orally every 8 hours and meloxicam (0.4 mg/kg) intravenously orally every 24 hours. The pig made progressive clinical improvement and was discharged 7 days after the surgery.

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Anesthesia and Surgical Procedures in Swine

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production. I: review of non-infectious contributing factors

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production. I: review of non-infectious contributing factors

Measuring birth weight and umbilical cord diameter at birth to predict subsequent performance in swine

Anaesthesia, analgesia and cardiovascular support in a Kunekune pig undergoing a complicated umbilical hernia repair

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