Anesthesia and Pain Management for Small Animals

Beckman, Brett

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2013.02.006

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Cats that had a caudal epidural required significantly less anesthesia to facilitate urinary catheter placement. Systemic anesthesia, such as propofol or volatile inhalants, can negatively affect the cardiovascular system 23,24 . In critically ill cats with severe metabolic derangements and cardiac arrhythmias, reducing the amount of systemic anesthesia to facilitate urinary catheter placement is an important consideration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective randomized, double‐blinded clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of bupivacaine versus morphine‐bupivacaine in caudal epidurals in cats with urethral obstruction

Pratt

Balakrishnan

McGowan

et al. 2020

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of the caudal epidural technique in cats with urethral obstruction (UO). Design Prospective, double‐blinded, randomized, sham‐controlled study. Animals Eighty‐eight male cats with UO. Interventions Thirty cats randomized to bupivacaine epidural (BUP), 28 cats to bupivacaine‐morphine epidural (BUP/MOR), and 30 cats to sham epidural (SHAM). Measurements and Main Results Time to perform the epidural and efficacy of the epidural was assessed by evaluation of tail and perineal responses. The amount of propofol for urinary catheterization and time to administration of rescue analgesia (buprenorphine) was recorded. Cats were monitored for epidural complications. The median time to perform the epidural was 2 min (range, 0.2‐13 min and range, 0.5‐13 min), with an epidural success rate of 70%. The median amount of propofol administered for urinary catheterization was significantly less in the BUP (2.1 mg/kg; range, 0‐7.5 mg/kg) and MOR/BUP cats (1.85 mg/kg; range, 0‐8.6 mg/kg) as compared to SHAM cats (4 mg/kg; range, 0‐12.7 mg/kg) (P = 0.006, P = 0.0008, respectively). The median time to administration of rescue analgesia was also significantly longer in the BUP (10 h; range, 2‐32 h) and MOR/BUP cats (10 h; range, 4‐45 h) as compared to SHAM cats (4 h; range, 2‐36 h) (P = 0.0026, P = 0.0004, respectively). There were no recognized complications related to the epidural. Conclusion Caudal epidural appears to be safe, may reduce the amount of IV anesthesia needed to facilitate urinary catheterization, and can be used to provide long‐term analgesia in the hospital.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective randomized, double‐blinded clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of bupivacaine versus morphine‐bupivacaine in caudal epidurals in cats with urethral obstruction

Pratt

Balakrishnan

McGowan

et al. 2020

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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“…Carprofen administered alone is efficient for the management of mild to medium pain intensity (Beckman 2013), whereas the complete nerve block provided by bupivacaine should reduce pain of different intensities from mild to severe. Periodontal treatments performed within our study caused mild to medium pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their reciprocal analgesic effects are combined. Beckman (2013) recommends the combination of local anaesthetics and NSAIDs for multimodal pain management in mild to moderate pain states. However, in moderate to severe pain states, an opioid and gabapentin should be added.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early pain management after periodontal treatment in dogs – comparison of single and combined analgesic protocols

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic effectiveness of three analgesic protocols in dogs undergoing a periodontal treatment. The study was performed as a prospective, randomized, "double blind" clinical study. A total of 45 client-owned dogs scheduled for periodontal treatment were included. Dogs of Group C received carprofen (4 mg·kg -1 ), dogs of Group B received bupivacaine (1 mg·kg -1

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“…Gabapentin has been used successfully for pain management in veterinary species, particularly in the treatment of chronic and neuropathic pain in small animals, with minimal to no side effects [5,6,7]. Originally labeled as an anti-epileptic in human medicine, gabapentin has been used recently for the treatment of neuropathic and postoperative pain [8,9,].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%