Anemia, micronutrient deficiencies, malaria, hemoglobinopathies and malnutrition in young children and non-pregnant women in Ghana: Findings from a national survey

Wegmüller, Rita; Bentil, Helena; Wirth, James P.; Petry, Nicolai; Tanumihardjo, Sherry A.; Allen, Lindsay H.; Williams, Thomas N.; Selenje, Lilian; Mahama, Abraham B.; Amoaful, Esi Foriwa; Steiner-Asiedu, Matilda; Adu‐Afarwuah, Seth; Rohner, Fabian

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228258

Cited by 52 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…To account for Ghana's administrative, agroecological and population density zoning, the following zones were considered as separate explicit strata: (1) Southern Belt, consisting predominantly of coastal savannah and rainforest and comprising the Greater Accra, Central, Volta and Western regions; (2) Middle Belt, consisting predominantly of deciduous forest and comprising the Brong‐Ahafo, Ashanti and Eastern regions; and (3) Northern Belt, consisting predominantly of Guinean/Sudanian savannah and comprising the Northern, Upper West and Upper East regions. Sample size calculation is described elsewhere (Wegmüller et al, 2020). A two‐stage sampling procedure with selection of census enumeration areas (EAs) in the first stage with probability of selection being proportional to size was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To account for Ghana's administrative, agroecological and population density zoning, the following zones were considered as separate explicit strata: (1) Southern Belt, consisting predominantly of coastal West and Upper East regions. Sample size calculation is described elsewhere (Wegmüller et al, 2020). A two-stage sampling procedure with selection of census enumeration areas (EAs) in the first stage with probability of selection being proportional to size was used.…”

Section: Survey Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for anaemia among Ghanaian women and children vary by population group and climate zone

Petry¹,

Wirth²,

Adu‐Afarwuah

et al. 2020

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Anaemia has serious effects on human health and has multifactorial aetiologies. This study aimed to determine putative risk factors for anaemia in children 6-59 months and 15-to 49-year-old non-pregnant women living in Ghana. Data from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey were analysed for associations between anaemia and various anaemia risk factors. National and stratum-specific multivariable regressions were constructed separately for children and women to calculate the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) for anaemia of variables found to be statistically significantly associated with anaemia in bivariate analysis. Nationally, the aPR for anaemia was greater in children with iron deficiency (ID; aPR 2.20; 95% confidence

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To account for Ghana's administrative, agroecological and population density zoning, the following zones were considered as separate explicit strata: (1) Southern Belt, consisting predominantly of coastal West and Upper East regions. Sample size calculation is described elsewhere (Wegmüller et al, 2020). A two-stage sampling procedure with selection of census enumeration areas (EAs) in the first stage with probability of selection being proportional to size was used.…”

Section: Survey Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for anaemia among Ghanaian women and children vary by population group and climate zone

Petry¹,

Wirth²,

Adu‐Afarwuah

et al. 2020

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…The prevalence of anaemia among women is high in Ghana [19]. In the Ashanti region, more than half of women are anaemic [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and correlates of the double burden of malnutrition among women in Ghana

Kushitor

Owusu²,

Kushitor³

2020

PLoS ONE

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Anaemia and underweight or overweight/obesity are major public health problems driving maternal and child mortality in low- and middle-income countries. While the burden of these conditions is recognised, the evidence for the co-occurrence of these conditions is fragmented and mixed, especially at the individual level. Further, many studies have focused on families and communities. The different pathways for the occurrence of anaemia and BMI challenges indicate that an individual can potentially live with both conditions and suffer the complications. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with the co-occurrence of anaemia and BMI challenges among a cohort of women in Ghana. Data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey were used. The sample size was 4 337 women aged 15–49 years who were not pregnant during the survey. Women who suffered simultaneously from underweight or overweight/obesity and anaemia were considered as having the double burden of malnutrition. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and logistic regression in STATA. One-fifth of the participants were overweight (21%), 4% were underweight and about one-tenth were obese (12%). The prevalence of anaemia was 41%. Only one in three women had normal weight and was not anaemic (34%). About 14% of the women experienced the double burden of malnutrition. Being overweight and anaemic (57%) was the most common form of this double burden. Age, marital status, parity, and wealth were t key risk factors associated with the double burden of malnutrition. The findings from this study show that women experience multiple nutritional challenges concurrently and that only a few women had healthy nutritional status. This information is particularly important and can be introduced into health education programmes to help address misconceptions about body weight and health.

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“…Mothers' occupation and location have been linked respectively with high malaria parasitaemia and clinical severity among children [45,46]. Several other studies have also shown an association between income and child health, suggesting that low-income families are less likely to seek prompt treatment for their sick children [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Malaria Morbidity and Mortality Among Under 15 Years Children in Parts of Ghana: The Role of Guardians’ Socio-Demographic Characteristics Demonstrated Through Modelling

Asare

2021

Preprint

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Background To understand the underlying factors that led to failure to achieve the millennium development goal 6c by Ghana, we modelled guardians’ socio-demographic characteristics and the factors that could influence child health to provide directions for improving anti-malaria interventions in Ghana and sub-Sahara Africa.Methods Clinical data of 274 malaria patients, age up to 15 years, were collected from a cross-sectional study conducted in two districts in the central region of Ghana. Guardians of the children were interviewed to obtain socio-demographic characteristics and factors that could influence child health. The data obtained were analysed using multivariate GLM, type III ANOVA and multilayer perceptron network analysis.Results Of the 274 children enrolled into the study, 69.34% were between the age of 0-5 years. The median parasite density, haemoglobin and platelet were 89,923 (64,056-149,541) parasites/mm3, 8.40 (4.70-11.60) g/dL and 126 (87-146) x10^9/L respectively. 12.41% of the enrolled children had severe clinical conditions. The outcome using multivariate GLM analysis indicate a significant association between the guardians’ socio-demographic characteristics and factors that influence child health, p<0.0001. CSOC, FPOCCH, DOOSCS, and CS were all influenced by the guardians’ occupational status, p<0.0001; CSOC and MCID were influenced by the guardians’ educational levels, p<0.0001 and FPOCCH and MCID were also influenced by guardians age category, p<0.0001. The multilayer perceptron network analysis showed that the association between guardians’ socio-demographic characteristics and factors that influence child health are affected by several hidden confounding factors.Conclusion It was demonstrated an association between factors that influence child health care and guardians’ socio-demographic characteristics and this is confounded by hidden socio-economic factors and biases through modelling. I, therefore, propose a model called a network of socio-economic progenitors to provide a simple explanation for the underlying factors that influence child health in malaria-endemic areas.

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Anemia, micronutrient deficiencies, malaria, hemoglobinopathies and malnutrition in young children and non-pregnant women in Ghana: Findings from a national survey

Cited by 52 publications

References 31 publications

Risk factors for anaemia among Ghanaian women and children vary by population group and climate zone

Risk factors for anaemia among Ghanaian women and children vary by population group and climate zone

The prevalence and correlates of the double burden of malnutrition among women in Ghana

Factors Influencing Malaria Morbidity and Mortality Among Under 15 Years Children in Parts of Ghana: The Role of Guardians’ Socio-Demographic Characteristics Demonstrated Through Modelling

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