Anemia and Chronic Renal Failure: The Possible Role of the Oxidative State of Glutathione

Costagliola, Ciro; Romano, Laura; Sorice, P.; Benedetto, A. Di

doi:10.1159/000185575

Cited by 56 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…We observed a similar level of GSH in our adolescents on haemodialysis as in the controls. GSH has shown a great deal of variation, but levels of GSH in red blood cells can be normal or even elevated in haemodialysis patients [34][35][36] . However, the ratio GSSG/GSH, another marker of oxidative stress, was significantly elevated in the uraemic hypertensive patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Paraoxonase and Oxidative Stress in Adolescents with Uraemic, Essential or Obesity-Induced Hypertension

Baráth

Németh

Karg

et al. 2006

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Background/Aims: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is associated with high-density lipoproteins in the plasma, and is capable of hydrolysing oxidized lipids and preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins. Oxidative stress and the PON1 (activity and Q192R polymorphism) were analysed in adolescent patients with essential (n = 49) or obesity-induced hypertension (n = 79), uraemic patients (n = 20), and also in obese normotensive patients (n = 60) and age-matched controls (n = 57). Methods: The PON1 activity was measured via paraoxon hydrolysis. The PON1 genotype was determined by real-time PCR. The levels of oxidized and reduced glutathione, the end-products of nitric oxide, cysteine, homocysteine and lipid peroxidation in the plasma were measured and related to the PON1 status. Results: There were no significant differences between the patient groups and the control group in the genotype distributions and the allele frequencies of the Q192R polymorphism. The PON activity was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the uraemic hypertensive group than in the controls. The MDA concentration was significantly higher in the uraemic hypertensive (p < 0.001) and obese hypertensive (p < 0.05) patients. The plasma NO_x concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.001) and the ratio MDA/NO_x were significantly higher in all four patient groups. The GSH levels were significantly lower in the patients with hypertension (p < 0.001) and obesity-induced hypertension (p < 0.05) than in the controls, while the GSSG level (p < 0.01) and the ratio GSSG/GSH (p < 0.05) was significantly higher in the uraemic hypertensive group. The plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the uraemic hypertensive patients as compared with the controls. Conclusions: We found no significant correlation between the biochemical parameters and neither genotypes nor enzyme activities. The PON1 status and the levels of certain biochemical parameters are independently associated with the hypertension in hypertensive and obese hypertensive patients, and the elevated levels of lipid peroxides and plasma homocysteine may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular complications in patients on haemodialysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Paraoxonase and Oxidative Stress in Adolescents with Uraemic, Essential or Obesity-Induced Hypertension

Baráth

Németh

Karg

et al. 2006

Kidney Blood Press Res

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“…RBC glutathione (GSH) has also shown a great deal of variation [31], but levels of GSH in RBC can be normal [32] or even elevated [33] in hemodialysis patients. Because of technical difficulties, plasma GSH cannot be routinely evaluated.…”

Section: Vitamin E and Other Antioxidant Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Oxidant Stress in Dialysis Patients

Handelman

2000

Blood Purif

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“…Accelerated atherosclerosis plays an important role in the development of CVD, and there is increasing evidence linking oxidative damage with accelerated atherosclerosis [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]as well as with other complications observed in dialysis patients such as anemia, autoimmune and infectious diseases, and amyloid arthropathy [9, 10, 11, 12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Disease in Dialyzed Patients

Usberti

Gerardi

Gazzotti

et al. 2002

Nephron

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Background/Aim: Oxidative damage has been suggested to play a key role in accelerated atherosclerosis and to be involved in cardiovascular disease (CVD) of dialyzed patients who are at risk of increased oxidative stress. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between the severity of CVD and some markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity in our hemodialyzed (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: Plasma reactive oxygen metabolites, malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal (MDA-4HNE), thiols, α-tocopherol, and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in 55 HD and in 16 PD patients. CVD was considered as the result of variably combined cardiac, cerebral, and vascular pathologies which were scored and grouped in a single CVD index and analyzed with respect to the markers of the oxidative status. 16 normal subjects served as controls. Results: All patients showed evidence of increased oxidative stress which was more severe in HD than in PD patients and which was exacerbated by HD. When cardiac, cerebral, and vascular diseases were analyzed separately, plasma MDA-4HNE and TAS were significantly higher in more severely affected HD patients, but not in PD patients. In HD patients the CVD index was directly correlated with both MDA-4HNE and TAS (r = 0.42, p < 0.01; r = 0.39, p < 0.01) and inversely correlated with α-tocopherol (r = –0.32, p < 0.05). MDA-4HNE and TAS were directly correlated in HD patients and inversely correlated in control subjects. Conclusions: Our data show that, in spite of increased antioxidant defense, there is a relationship between the degree of lipid peroxidation and the severity of CVD in HD patients. Moreover, these data underscore the utility of MDA-4HNE, α-tocopherol, and TAS in the evaluation of cardiovascular disease.

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Anemia and Chronic Renal Failure: The Possible Role of the Oxidative State of Glutathione

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

Roles of Paraoxonase and Oxidative Stress in Adolescents with Uraemic, Essential or Obesity-Induced Hypertension

Roles of Paraoxonase and Oxidative Stress in Adolescents with Uraemic, Essential or Obesity-Induced Hypertension

Evaluation of Oxidant Stress in Dialysis Patients

Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Disease in Dialyzed Patients

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