anem: A Simple Web‐Based Platform to Build Stakeholder Understanding of Groundwater Behavior

Abstract

Groundwater supports essential societal and ecological functions by acting as a reservoir that buffers against natural variability. Increasing water scarcity and climate variability have resulted in more intensive management of groundwater resources, but groundwater often remains difficult to understand and manage. With this in mind, we develop a simple platform that provides a straightforward, web‐based user interface applicable to a wide variety of end‐user scenarios. Groundwater behavior is modeled using the method of images in a new R package, anem, which serves as the engine for the web platform, anem‐app, produced using R Shiny. Both tools allow users to define aquifer properties and pumping wells, view maps of hydraulic head, and simulate particle tracking under steady‐state conditions. These tools have the advantage of being platform independent and open source, so that they are freely available to anyone with a web browser and internet connection (anem‐app) or computing platform with R installed (anem). We designed both tools to lower the learning curve and up‐front costs to building simple groundwater models. The simplicity of the web application allows exploration of groundwater behavior under various conditions, and should be especially valuable in low‐budget applications where advanced analysis may not be practical or necessary. Integration with the R language allows for advanced analysis and deeper exploration of groundwater dynamics. In this manuscript, we describe how anem and anem‐app are built in the R environment and demonstrate how they might be used by planners or stakeholders.

Hydro Economic Asymmetries and Common‐Pool Overdraft in Transboundary Aquifers

“…This principle—known as the superposition principle—governs groundwater flows in confined aquifers. A comparable (though less tractable) game theoretical model based on an equivalent expression for (steady state) unconfined aquifers is discussed in (Penny, Mullen, et al., 2021; Penny, Müller‐Itten, et al., 2021).…”

The Method of Images Revisited: Approximate Solutions in Wedge‐Shaped Aquifers of Arbitrary Angle

“…Its use is extensive in many scientific fields such as groundwater hydraulics (Dewandel et al., 2022; Kuo et al., 1994), electrostatics (Nguyen & Mehrabian, 2021), magnetics (Curtis et al., 2015) and optics. The method of images has been widely used in groundwater flow simulation problems to calculate hydraulic head level drawdown (Atangana, 2014; Nikoletos & Katsifarakis, 2022; Penny et al., 2020), to describe interaction between ground and surface water (Anderson, 2003) and to optimize the management of aquifers (Katsifarakis, 2008) and especially coastal aquifers facing saltwater intrusion problems (Etsias et al., 2021; Mantoglou, 2003). It is worth mentioning that the method of images gives exact solutions in wedge‐shaped aquifers bounded by two boundaries intersecting at angles of: 90°, 60°, 45°, 30° etc.…”