“…In other studies, androgarpholide alone can inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway (22,23). NSCLC cells also can be suppressed by androgarpholide through the HIF-1α pathway (24). In the β-TC-6 (human insulinoma cell line), androgarpholide suppress growth of cancer cells through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in intro and in vivo (25).…”