Androgens in women

Bienenfeld, Amanda; Azarchi, Sarah; Sicco, Kristen Lo; Marchbein, Shari; Shapiro, Jerry; Nagler, Arielle R.

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.08.062

Cited by 82 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In women, androgens are produced in different tissues such as the skin, but mainly in the ovaries, and are transported in the blood together with the SHBG or albumins [7]. The androgens present normally in women are androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, and testosterone [36]. Testosterone regulates the metabolism, strengthens muscle and bone, and maintains genitourinary health, mood, and some cognitive functions [7].…”

Section: Physiological Role Of Androgen Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Testosterone regulates the metabolism, strengthens muscle and bone, and maintains genitourinary health, mood, and some cognitive functions [7]. In women, androgens also have effects on hair cells, causing disorders such as acne, alopecia, and hirsutism, and alterations in the endocrine system such as polycystic ovary syndrome and adrenal hyperplasia [36]. Androgens have been shown to be stable during the menstrual cycle and form part of the circulating androgen pool; the concentration of androgens decreases with advancing age until before menopause [37].…”

Section: Physiological Role Of Androgen Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in Human Bladder Cancer

et al. 2021

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Bladder cancer (urothelial carcinoma) is one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms, with an estimated half a million new cases and 200,000 deaths per year worldwide. This pathology mainly affects men. Men have a higher risk (4:1) of developing bladder cancer than women. Cigarette smoking and exposure to chemicals such as aromatic amines, and aniline dyes have been established as risk factors for bladder cancer and may contribute to the sex disparity. Male internal genitalia, including the urothelium and prostate, are derived from urothelial sinus endoderm; both tissues express the androgen receptor (AR). Several investigations have shown evidence that the AR plays an important role in the initiation and development of different types of cancer including bladder cancer. In this article, we summarize the available data that help to explain the role of the AR in the development and progression of bladder cancer, as well as the therapies used for its treatment.

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Section: Physiological Role Of Androgen Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physiological Role Of Androgen Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in Human Bladder Cancer

et al. 2021

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“…[9] Hormones and growth factors influence acne development also through their impact on sebocyte differentiation, influencing sebum production. [37][38][39] Both basal and differentiating sebocytes in SG express the androgen receptor (AR) with a nuclear localization, indicating that sebocytes are the key regulators of androgen homeostasis in human skin. [31,40] However, the ability of androgens to induce sebocyte differentiation is controversial.…”

Section: Incomplete Cell Differentiation Determines Increased Suscementioning

confidence: 99%

Acne as an altered dermato‐endocrine response problem

Briganti

Flori

Mastrofrancesco

et al. 2020

Experimental Dermatology

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Acne is the most common skin disease in adolescent Westernized populations. Several data support the involvement of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling in the interplay between androgens, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF1) and high-glycaemic index diet in acne. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is involved in both differentiation and anti-inflammatory response. Low differentiated sebocytes showed decreased expression of PPARγ and increased level of insulin and IGF-1 receptors, resulting in the production of acne-like sebum and inflammatory mediators. In this viewpoint, we discuss how in acne the dysregulation of proliferation and differentiation processes in sebocytes and keratinocytes may be associated with altered response to androgens and other hormones, such as insulin or IGF-1. Moreover, we propose PPARγ modulation as an innovative therapeutic approach to normalize sebocyte differentiation process, interfering with the different mechanisms involved in altered pilosebaceous unit.

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“…Сальна залоза -андрогенозалежний орган і одночасно місце локального синтезу андрогенів, проте, як показують дослідження, вплив цих гормонів є не єдиним і навіть не завжди присутнім фактором розвитку акне. Дослідження показали, що вираженість акне здебільшого не корелює з рівнями циркулюючих андрогенів, що вказує на значну роль інтракринних процесів трансформації андрогенів і особливостей рецепції андрогенів себоцитами (рівні ДГТ і андростендіолу глюкуроніду в жінок із акне були статистично значуще вищими порівняно з жінками без акне) [58,59].…”

Section: акнеunclassified

Androgen-associated and androgen-independent causes of alopecia and acne in women. Literature review

Сидорова

Тутченко

Бурка

et al. 2020

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This article refers to the issues of alopecia and acne pathogenesis: anatomy of hair and sebaceous glands, biological factors affecting the stages of hair development and function of sebaceous glands. Alopecia is divided into two large groups: scaring and non-scaring alopecia, the later is represented by alopecia areata, telogen effluvium, and female pattern hair loss/androgenetic alopecia (FPHL/AGA). Before starting the search for systemic causes it is necessary to predetermine the type of alopecia on the basis of medical history and external manifestations. FPHL /AGA as a most common form of alopecia can often coexist with another common pathology – telogen effluvium, this fact determines therapeutic approaches and their results.Main pathogenetic mechanisms, approaches to differential diagnostics and treatment of the main specified types of non-scarring alopecia are reviewed. FPHL/AGA is a main type of alopecia which is often referred to gynecologists/endocrinologists. It is now regarded a multifactorial pathology with the involvement of a genetic component, androgen receptor gene expression, dihydrotestosterone synthesis and local low grade inflammation specifics. FPHL/AGA can be with and without hyperandrogenism, in both cases it can be accompanied by an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. In case of FPHL/AGA with hyperandrogenism the success of treatment depends on the consistent coordinated work of gynecologist/endocrinologist and dermatologist/trichologist, which allows combining systemic and local therapy in a timely manner.Also contemporary views on the acne pathogenesis are reviewed. Given the complex nature of acne its therapy is also complex and stepwise. According to current clinical guidelines and recent studies of the microbial component of acne pathogenesis the following conclusions are formulated. Patients with acne require assessment of androgen status, determination of the hyperandrogenism source, including evaluation of tissue androgens; phenotype of the syndrome and cardio-metabolic risks should be determined in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome; it is advisable to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from the inflamed pilosebaceous unit if acne form requires the local or systemic antibacterial therapy.

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Androgens in women

Cited by 82 publications

References 71 publications

The Role of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in Human Bladder Cancer

The Role of Androgens and Androgen Receptor in Human Bladder Cancer

Acne as an altered dermato‐endocrine response problem

Androgen-associated and androgen-independent causes of alopecia and acne in women. Literature review

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