Androgens and offending behavior: Evidence based on multiple self-reported measures of prenatal and general testosterone exposure

Hoskin, Anthony W.; Ellis, Lee M.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110282

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In addition, some researchers utilize specialized software to precisely calculate 2D:4D, whereas others use calipers or simple plastic rulers (Kemper and Schwerdtfeger 2009 ). Finally, in some studies, the participants themselves are asked to measure the length of their own digits (e.g., Hoskin and Ellis 2021 ; Osu et al 2021 ; Reimers 2007 ). These methodological differences affect the precision of the measurements, which may contribute to inconsistencies within the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary purpose of the current study is to examine whether 2D:4D ratio can be reliably determined from user-submitted images. Although previous online studies have calculated 2D:4D ratio from self-reported measurements (e.g., Hoskin and Ellis 2021 ; Osu et al 2021 ; Manning and Fink 2008 ), these data are prone to user measurement error and thus potentially unsuitable for smaller-scale studies. Given the utility of collecting data from online participant pools, which provide rapid and easy access to representative samples from across the world, it is necessary to develop an appropriate methodology for collecting quality physiological data from virtual participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of crowdsourced images for determining 2D:4D and relationship to pro-environmental variables

et al. 2022

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The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether 2D:4D ratios (a putative measure of prenatal androgen exposure) could be determined using participant-submitted hand images. The secondary purpose was to examine whether 2D:4D ratio was associated with pro-environmental behaviors, attitudes, and empathy, given the recent literature linking sex to environmental attitudes and actions. Participants ( N = 1065) were asked via an online survey to submit a clear photograph of their right hand, palm side up. Participants also completed a questionnaire to assess (a) demographics, (b) dispositional empathy, and (c) environmental attitudes and behavior. A 2D:4D ratio was calculated for each participant, and the quality of each image was classified as poor, moderate, or good. We then examined the reliability of the 2D:4D image measurements, and the relationship between 2D:4D and our environmental measures. 2D:4D ratios fell somewhat outside of previously reported ranges, but the measurements did show acceptable intra-rater consistency. Although we did not find a sex difference in 2D:4D, we did find a sex by ratio interaction for both empathy and the number of pro-environmental behaviors in which individuals had engaged. Specifically, as 2D:4D ratio increased, males reported lower empathy and less engagement in pro-environmental behaviors, whereas females reported more engagement in pro-environmental behaviors (but no differences in empathy). These findings were contrary to expectations, as we anticipated that greater digit ratios (i.e., feminized) would be associated with greater empathy and pro-environmental behaviors. Overall, the findings of this study present a preliminary examination of the utility of measuring digit ratio with online samples. Furthermore, our results provide information regarding the complex relationship between sex and pro-environmental behaviors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10211-022-00401-5.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of crowdsourced images for determining 2D:4D and relationship to pro-environmental variables

et al. 2022

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Testosterone, Digit Ratio, and Aggression Among Youth in Conflict with the Law in Kano, Nigeria

Gwarzo,

Sani,

Safiyyu

2024

Amrita J Med

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Introduction: Studies have associated testosterone with aggression, although with a weak and sometimes equivocal one. This study aimed to determine the correlation between testosterone and digit ratio (r2D:4D) using measures of aggression in youth in conflict with the law in Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This case–control study involves 48 youth aged 11–16 years in conflict with the law living in a remand home. The participants were divided into two groups based on the reported history of violent behavior. Serum total testosterone level was determined using an ELISA kit. Aggression was determined by the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, whereas r2D:4D was measured directly using a digital caliper. Independent-sample t test was used to determine differences in quantitative variables, while Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation. Results: The mean age of the participants is 15.23 years. Serum testosterone level was positively correlated with anger (r = 0.327, P = 0.023) among all participants and with physical aggression (r = 0.405, P = 0.032) among those with a history of violent behavior. However, r2D:4D did not correlate with aggression or serum testosterone. Testosterone explained 22% of variance in physical aggression and is a predictor of physical aggression (P = 0.046) among all study participants. Among those with a history of violent behavior, testosterone explained 41% of variance in physical aggression (P = 0.032); a 1 nmol increase in testosterone increases the physical aggression score by 0.41. Conclusion: testosterone level is positively correlated with anger and physical aggression in youth in conflict with the law in Kano, Nigeria, while the digit ratio is not.

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Androgens and offending behavior: Evidence based on multiple self-reported measures of prenatal and general testosterone exposure

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

Use of crowdsourced images for determining 2D:4D and relationship to pro-environmental variables

Use of crowdsourced images for determining 2D:4D and relationship to pro-environmental variables

Testosterone, Digit Ratio, and Aggression Among Youth in Conflict with the Law in Kano, Nigeria

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