Androgens and Anemia: Current Trends and Future Prospects

Al-Sharefi, Ahmed; Mohammed, Azmi; Abdalaziz, Altayeb; Jayasena, Channa N.

doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00754

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Animal and human studies suggested a direct and indirect stimulatory effect of androgens on erythropoiesis, as well as the fact that TD is a well-established cause for anemia, especially in a condition, known as «unexplained anemia in the elderly». The current knowledge on this topic is summarized in 2019 in a systematic review by Al-Sharefi et al [103] and demonstrated an increase in hemoglobin level in the TTh trials with men >65 years old with the known and unknown reasons for anemia. Taking into account the role of testosterone in pathogenesis and treatment of anemia in the elderly we recommend the investigation of total blood count and ferritin in men with suspected age-related TD and concomitant treatment of diagnosed anemia [6].…”

Section: Recommendation 4: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of testosterone deficiency in men

Lunenfeld

Mskhalaya²,

Zitzmann

et al. 2021

The Aging Male

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The relative proportional increase of the elderly population within many countries will become one of the most significant social transformations of the twenty-first century and, for the first time in history, persons aged 65 or above outnumbered children under five years of age globally. One in four persons living in Europe and Northern America will be aged 65 or over. One of the goals of ISSAM is to raise awareness of the special health needs of older men. Since a significant number of aging men will eventually become testosterone deficient, the Hypogonadism panel of ISSAM updates its guidelines.

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Section: Recommendation 4: Laboratory Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of testosterone deficiency in men

Lunenfeld

Mskhalaya²,

Zitzmann

et al. 2021

The Aging Male

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“…The addition of testosterone to ex vivo erythroid progenitors confirmed that this hormone supports their expansion [ 65 ] and the in vivo administration of testosterone to different animal models supported this first finding leading to the development of androgen-based therapies to treat anemia [ 66 ]. The rationale of these approaches is that AR induces serum Epo [ 67 , 68 ]. Recent bone marrow reconstitution experiments with cells from mice lacking the DNA-binding domain of AR (ARΔZF2) suggested that the DNA-binding domain is indeed required to stimulate kidney erythropoietin [ 69 ].…”

Section: Nrs Controlling Normal Erythropoiesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Nuclear Receptors in Controlling Erythropoiesis

Pastori

Pozzi

Labedz

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Nuclear receptors (NRs), are a wide family of ligand-regulated transcription factors sharing a common modular structure composed by an N-terminal domain and a ligand-binding domain connected by a short hinge linker to a DNA-binding domain. NRs are involved in many physiological processes, including metabolism, reproduction and development. Most of them respond to small lipophilic ligands, such as steroids, retinoids, and phospholipids, which act as conformational switches. Some NRs are still “orphan” and the search for their ligands is still ongoing. Upon DNA binding, NRs can act both as transcriptional activators or repressors of their target genes. Theoretically, the possibility to modulate NRs activity with small molecules makes them ideal therapeutic targets, although the complexity of their signaling makes drug design challenging. In this review, we discuss the role of NRs in erythropoiesis, in both homeostatic and stress conditions. This knowledge is important in view of modulating red blood cells production in disease conditions, such as anemias, and for the expansion of erythroid cells in culture for research purposes and for reaching the long-term goal of cultured blood for transfusion.

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“…Also, sickle cell anemia could lead to hypogonadism by occluding pituitary or/and testicular vessels and leading to their infarction [37] [38]. Introducing testosterone supplementation in treatment of patients with lowered androgens levels as a result of aging or hypogonadism, treated for anemia have positive impact on hemoglobin concentration and production of erythropoietin, ferroportin, and transferrin receptors [39]. Deficiency of androgens is usually not taken into consideration in investigation of anemia [40].…”

Section: Cardiovascularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male hypogonadism with its systemic complications

Niedobylski

Laszczak

Warchoł

et al. 2020

J Educ Health Sport

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Introduction and purpose: Total lack of testosterone or its level lower than 9-12 mmol/L (250-350 ng/dL) of serum in men is called hypogonadism. Due to the importance of testosterone in male body, hypogonadism usually causes a variety of symptoms, mostly of sexual naturelack of libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility and associated psychological problems, it can though be the cause of more dangerous changes in the male body. The purpose of this study is to review possible systemic complications of male hypogonadism (with the emphasis on hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) apart from those sex-related. State of knowledge: The lack of testosterone and gonadotropins was proven to cause a number of negative changes in different systems and various clinical situations. It can negatively impact the condition of skeletal system. Although testosterone is widely thought to increase cardiovascular risk some studies show that the hypogonadism has a negative impact on it as well. Some studies hypothesised the role of hypogonadism in anaemia development, but generally it isn't taken into account in investigation of this condition. Some studies show the impact of hypogonadism on higher risk of some metabolic and endocrine diseases. The most interesting conclusions were found in literature on oncological implications of testosterone and lack of it. It turns out that there is a number of studies showing the positive impact of relatively higher testosterone concentrations while androgen deprivation therapy is the main therapeutic option in advanced prostate cancer. Conclusions: Due to very unpleasant and possibly dangerous complications of hypogonadism endocrinologists should stay alert to signs of hypogonadism to be able to start testosterone replacement in the right moment.

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Androgens and Anemia: Current Trends and Future Prospects

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of testosterone deficiency in men

Recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of testosterone deficiency in men

Role of Nuclear Receptors in Controlling Erythropoiesis

Male hypogonadism with its systemic complications

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