Androgenic capability among genotypes of winter and spring barley

Abstract

Variable efficiency of androgenesis remains a serious problem in many species of cereals. It is still unclear what makes certain genotypes more amenable to androgenesis than others. This study was undertaken to quantify the previously suspected advantage of winter barley genotypes over spring ones with regard to regeneration efficiency in anther culture. The material consisted of 40 barley hybrids originating from Polish breeding companies. The number of androgenic structures per 100 anthers did not differ significantly between analysed groups (119 vs. 152 non-significant), but the average regeneration of green plants per 100 anthers was five times higher in winter genotypes (6.4 vs. 1.3). The incidence of albinism was lower for the winter than for the spring materials (70% vs. 90%), while the rate of spontaneous chromosome doubling was similar in both groups (58% vs. 56%). The results strongly support the notion that winter genotypes are more amenable to androgenesis and this may be a consequence of their better adaptation to stress conditions.

Arabinogalactan proteins improve plant regeneration in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) anther culture

“…Following the pretreatment, anthers from each Petri dish were aseptically transferred onto a 55 mm Petri dish with solid medium N6L containing macro-and micro-elements according to Chu (1978) with modifications (Makowska et al 2015). Depending on the type of experiment one or both genotypes were tested.…”

“…In all experiments, cultures were grown in the dark at 26 °C. Androgenic structures (calli and embryos) at approximately 1 mm in diameter were successively transferred onto the regeneration medium K4NB (Kumlehn et al 2006) with modifications (Makowska et al 2015). Androgenic structures on the regeneration medium were kept under 16 h day/8 h night photoperiod at 26 °C for 2 weeks and the numbers of GPs and APs were counted.…”

“…However, in most barley genotypes the efficiency of GPs production is much lower (Cistué et al 1998;Li and Devaux 2001;Castillo et al 2014). For a range of winter and spring barleys the average GPs regeneration rate per 100A was 6.4 and 1.3, respectively (Makowska et al 2015). This wide disparity in androgenic response among genotypes may depend on a number of endo-and exogenous elements.…”

“…Ferrie. of them is production of androgenic structures with varying regeneration abilities (Larsen et al 1991;Pretová et al 2006;Makowska et al 2015). In a model course of androgenesis, microspores develop into embryos similar to the zygotic ones (Sangwan and Sangwan-Norreel 1996;Wrobel et al 2011), however in practice, haploid cells may develop into a variety of structures.…”

The effect of copper on plant regeneration in barley microspore culture

“…Such plants are useless and they decrease the efficiency of the entire process (Makowska et al 2015). The frequency of AP in androgenesis may be up to 100% with the genotype being the strongest determinant of this phenomenon (Larsen et al 1991;Caredda et al 2000).…”