Androgenetic alopecia in a postmenopausal woman as a result of ovarian hyperthecosis

Kim, Young‐Jin; Marjoniemi, Veli; Diamond, Terry; Lim, Adrian; Davis, Greg; Murrell, Dédée F.

doi:10.1046/j.1440-0960.2003.00640.x

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…If the cell hyperplasia dominates, hyperthecosis is referred histopathologically. Stromal hyperplasia or hyperthecosis effects ovaries diffusely, and they can be within each other [5,6]. Furthermore; some benign tumors such as stromal luteoma may be considered as a morphologic variant of the same pathology [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal woman: Is surgery reasonable for diagnosis and treatment?

Tekelioğlu¹

2018

Ann Clin Anal Med

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Hyperandrogenism with severe signs of virilism is rare in postmenopausal period. Androgenic drug intake, malign and benign androgen-secreting tumors, gonadotropin depending ovarian stromal disorders have been reported as causes of hyperandrogenism after menopause. We present a 78-year-old woman referred to our gynecology department with hirsutism, male pattern baldness, and deepening voice. Bilateral ovarian enlargement was noted in the gynecologic examination. There was no evidence of adrenal or ovarian tumor with magnetic resonance imaging. The patient's clinic and laboratory data pointed out an ovarian origin. Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Both frozen and histopathologic evaluation revealed bilateral ovarian stromal hyperplasia and right ovarian stromal luteoma. The patient was discharged. Three months later, patient's serum total testosterone level was normal and symptomatic improvement was obtained. Surgery may be reasonable for definitive diagnosis and appropriate treatment of hyperandrogenism of ovarian origin in postmenopausal women who completed childbearing age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal woman: Is surgery reasonable for diagnosis and treatment?

Tekelioğlu¹

2018

Ann Clin Anal Med

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“…In the majority of patients, severe IR and hyperinsulinemia occurs, enhancing ovarian androgen production and leading to clinical manifestations such as central obesity, skin tags, and acanthosis nigricans (45). Overall, the hormonal and metabolic aberrations related to OH contribute significantly to an increased risk for type 2 diabetes and CVD (39,46), while the extensive peripheral aromatization of androgens increases the risk for endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma (47).…”

Section: Ovarian Hyperthecosismentioning

confidence: 99%

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Hyperandrogenism after menopause

Markopoulos

Kassi

Alexandraki

et al. 2015

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism is a state of relative or absolute androgen excess originating from either the adrenals and/or the ovaries, clinically manifested as the appearance and/or increase in terminal hair growth or the development of symptoms/signs of virilization. In either settings, physicians need to evaluate such patients and exclude the presence of the relatively rare but potentially life-threatening underlying tumorous causes, particularly adrenal androgen-secreting tumors. It has been suggested that the rapidity of onset along with severity of symptom and the degree of androgen excess followed by relevant imaging studies may suffice to identify the source of excessive androgen secretion. However, up to date, there is no consensus regarding specific clinical and hormonal indices and/or imaging modalities required for diagnostic certainty. This is particularly relevant as the aging population is increasing and more cases of postmenopausal women with clinical/biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism may become apparent. Furthermore, the long-term sequels of nontumorous hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women in respect to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality still remain unsettled. This review delineates the etiology and pathophysiology of relative and absolute androgen excess in postmenopausal women. Also, it attempts to unravel distinctive clinical features along with specific hormonal cut-off levels and/or appropriate imaging modalities for the facilitation of the differential diagnosis and the identification of potential long-term sequels.

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“…Body regions rich in sebocytes are hyperpigmented and exhibit the highest HMel density, for example, face, axillae, and genitalia (12). Also, clinical observations suggest that sebocytes influence HMel, leading, for example, to postacne hyperpigmentation; naevus sebaceous appears dark and sebaceous hyperplasia of the vulva is associated with overlying hyperpigmentation and melanocyte hyperplasia (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected variants of the steroid‐5‐alpha‐reductase isoforms SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 and the sex steroid hormone receptors ESR1, ESR2 and PGR: No association with female pattern hair loss identified

Redler

Tazi-Ahnini

Drichel

et al. 2012

Experimental Dermatology

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Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a common disorder with a complex mode of inheritance. Although understanding of its etiopathogenesis is incomplete, an interaction between genetic and hormonal factors is assumed to be important. The involvement of an androgen-dependent pathway and sex steroid hormones is the most likely hypothesis. We therefore selected a total of 21 variants from the steroid-5-alpha-reductase isoforms SRD5A1 and SRD5A2, the sex steroid hormone receptors ESR1, ESR2 (oestrogen receptor) and PGR (progesterone receptor) and genotyped these in a case-control sample of 198 patients (145 UK; 53 German patients) and 329 controls (179 UK; 150 German). None of these variants showed any significant association, either in the overall UK and German samples or in the subgroup analyses. In summary, the present results, while based on a limited selection of gene variants, do not point to the involvement of SRD5A1, SRD5A2, ESR1, ESR2 or PGR in FPHL.

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Androgenetic alopecia in a postmenopausal woman as a result of ovarian hyperthecosis

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal woman: Is surgery reasonable for diagnosis and treatment?

Hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal woman: Is surgery reasonable for diagnosis and treatment?

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Hyperandrogenism after menopause

Selected variants of the steroid‐5‐alpha‐reductase isoforms SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 and the sex steroid hormone receptors ESR1, ESR2 and PGR: No association with female pattern hair loss identified

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