Androgen Signaling in the Placenta

Aubone, Agata M Parsons; Evans, River; Bouma, Gerrit J.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.94007

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although the placenta has the same function in all mammals, i.e., allowing for the exchange of nutrients and gasses and secrete steroid hormones, there are differences in androgen synthesis and secretion during pregnancy [ 6 ]. For example, in pregnant cows, the plasma concentration of T increases markedly during the last trimester of gestation.…”

Section: Androgens and Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Potential Role and Contribution of Androgens in Placental Development and Pregnancy

Parsons

Bouma

2021

Life

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Successful pregnancy requires the establishment of a highly regulated maternal–fetal environment. This is achieved through the harmonious regulation of steroid hormones, which modulate both maternal and fetal physiology, and are critical for pregnancy maintenance. Defects in steroidogenesis and steroid signaling can lead to pregnancy disorders or even fetal loss. The placenta is a multifunctional, transitory organ which develops at the maternal–fetal interface, and supports fetal development through endocrine signaling, the transport of nutrients and gas exchange. The placenta has the ability to adapt to adverse environments, including hormonal variations, trying to support fetal development. However, if placental function is impaired, or its capacity to adapt is exceeded, fetal development will be compromised. The goal of this review is to explore the relevance of androgens and androgen signaling during pregnancy, specifically in placental development and function. Often considered a mere precursor to placental estrogen synthesis, the placenta in fact secretes androgens throughout pregnancy, and not only contains the androgen steroid nuclear receptor, but also non-genomic membrane receptors for androgens, suggesting a role of androgen signaling in placental function. Moreover, a number of pregnancy disorders, including pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction, and polycystic ovarian syndrome, are associated with abnormal androgen levels and androgen signaling. Understanding the role of androgens in the placenta will provide a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of pregnancy disorders associated with androgen elevation and its consequences.

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Section: Androgens and Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%