Androgen and androgen metabolite levels in serum and urine of East African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): Comparison of EIA and LC–MS analyses

Preis, Anna; Mugisha, Lawrence; Hauser, Barbara; Weltring, Anja; Deschner, Tobias

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.09.010

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…When determined by RIA, fT concentrations in females were higher than in males, while the reverse pattern has been observed in yellow baboon serum (Castracane et al, 1986; Castracane and Goldzieher, 1983). Other studies have reported similar data to ours for fecal metabolites of T, and the authors of these other studies have suggested that these elevated fT concentrations in females were the result of cross-reaction of the antibody with hormone metabolites of different origins, such as DHEA, which is of adrenal origin (Dittami et al, 2008; Goymann, 2005; Hauser et al 2011; Möhle et al, 2002; Preis et al, 2011). However, our results do not support the idea that elevated fT in female baboons resulted from cross-reaction of our antibody with metabolites issued from a different hormone than T in females, for two reasons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…fT concentrations measured using the Pantex T RIA were higher than those measured by LC/MS/MS, as has been reported in other studies (Preis et al, 2011). This result suggests that the Pantex antibody may cross-react with other androgens, in both male and female baboons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…While most studies found higher steroid hormone concentrations with RIA than with LC/MS/MS, resulting from cross-reactivity of the antibody (reviewed in Preis et al, 2011), Dorgan et al (2002) also reported that the E concentrations in human serum were lower when determined by RIA than by LC/MS/MS. LC/MS/MS may be more sensitive than RIA to E concentrations in baboon feces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also calculated Spearman rank correlations between fT RIA and several fecal androgens measured by LC/MS/MS, in order to determine possible cross-reactivity of the T antibody with other androgens. Finally, we used Spearman rank correlations between fT LC/MS/MS and other fecal androgens within the LC/MS/MS measurements to gain insight about whether these different androgens might have a common metabolic origin with T (Preis et al, 2011). We conducted a similar analysis with fE, comparing concentrations determined with RIA (fE RIA ) to fE 1 and fE 2 concentrations given by LC/MS/MS using Spearman rank correlations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring fecal testosterone in females and fecal estrogens in males: Comparison of RIA and LC/MS/MS methods for wild baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Gesquiere

Ziegler

Chen

et al. 2014

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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The development of non-invasive methods, particularly fecal determination, has made possible the assessment of hormone concentrations in wild animal populations. However, measuring fecal metabolites needs careful validation for each species and for each sex. We investigated whether radioimmunoassays (RIAs) previously used to measure fecal testosterone (fT) in male baboons and fecal estrogens (fE) in female baboons were well suited to measure these hormones in the opposite sex. We compared fE and fT concentrations determined by RIA to those measured by liquid chromatography combined with triple quadropole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS), a highly specific method. Additionally, we conducted a biological validation to assure that the measurements of fecal concentrations reflected physiological levels of the hormone of interest. Several tests produced expected results that led us to conclude that our RIAs can reliably measure fT and fE in both sexes, and that within-sex comparisons of these measures are valid: (i) fTRIA were significantly correlated to fTLC/MS/MS for both sexes; (ii) fTRIA were higher in adult than in immature males; (iii) fTRIA were higher in pregnant than non-pregnant females; (iv) fERIA were correlated with 17β-estradiol (fE2) and with estrone (fE1) determined by LC/MS/MS in pregnant females; (v) fERIA were significantly correlated with fE2 in non-pregnant females and nearly significantly correlated in males; (vi) fERIA were higher in adult males than in immature males. fERIA were higher in females than in males, as predicted, but unexpectedly, fTRIA were higher in females than in males, suggesting a difference in steroid metabolism in the two sexes; consequently, we conclude that while within-sex comparisons are valid, fTRIA should not be used for intersexual comparisons. Our results should open the field to important additional studies, as to date the roles of testosterone in females and estrogens in males have been little investigated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Measuring fecal testosterone in females and fecal estrogens in males: Comparison of RIA and LC/MS/MS methods for wild baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Gesquiere

Ziegler

Chen

et al. 2014

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…25 LC-MS has been used to measure hormones in urine and fecal samples from nonhuman primates and rats and is a useful tool for investigative toxicology and putative biomarker identification. 64,84,98 However, the disadvantages of LC-MS/MS are the requirement for separate and distinct technical expertise to establish assay methods and to operate analyzers. 100,101 Tissue Based Histology, immunohistochemistry, and biomarker qualification.…”

Section: Fluid Basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Biomarkers in Preclinical Development

Sasseville¹,

Mansfield²,

Brees

2013

Vet Pathol

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The identification, application, and qualification of safety biomarkers are becoming increasingly critical to successful drug discovery and development as companies are striving to develop drugs for difficult targets and for novel disease indications in a risk-adverse environment. Translational safety biomarkers that are minimally invasive and monitor drug-induced toxicity during human clinical trials are urgently needed to assess whether toxicities observed in preclinical toxicology studies are relevant to humans at therapeutic doses. The interpretation of data during the biomarker qualification phase should include careful consideration of the analytic method used, the biology, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the biomarker, and the pathophysiology of the process studied. The purpose of this review is to summarize commonly employed technologies in the development of fluidand tissue-based safety biomarkers in drug discovery and development and to highlight areas of ongoing novel assay development.

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Male–female interactions in multimale groups of mountain gorillas

Habumuremyi

Deschner

Fawcett

et al. 2018

American J Primatol

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Male-female social interactions may vary according to female receptivity, female parity, and male dominance rank. Such variation may be less apparent in species with one-male mating systems than those with multimale mating systems, as within-group male-male competition and female mate choice are absent. Examining variation in male-female interactions in multimale groups in species with a predominantly onemale mating system may help to shed light on plasticity in behavioral patterns and the evolution of mating systems. In this study, we investigated the effect of female receptivity (i.e., days when mating occurred), female parity, and male dominance rank on the patterns of spatial proximity, grooming, following, and aggression among 34 male-female dyads in four multi-male groups of Virunga mountain gorillas. In addition, as a preliminary investigation of potential physiological costs incurred by females in a mating context (coercion), we tested whether female receptivity and female parity explained variation in immunoreactive glucocorticoid (iGC) levels of females. The amount of time male-female dyads spent in close proximity was significantly higher for parous versus nulliparous females and for high-versus low-ranking males. The rate of male aggression to females did not vary significantly with female parity, male rank, or female receptivity. However, post hoc analysis showed that both proximity and aggression increased for the males that participated in the matings on days that females were receptive. Grooming and following by males occurred infrequently. Neither female receptivity nor parity influenced iGC levels in females, a finding that is more consistent with courtship than coercion of females by males. Overall, our results suggest that males advertise their ability to provide protection to females and their offspring, and females seek out males that can do so.

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Androgen and androgen metabolite levels in serum and urine of East African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): Comparison of EIA and LC–MS analyses

Cited by 26 publications

References 54 publications

Measuring fecal testosterone in females and fecal estrogens in males: Comparison of RIA and LC/MS/MS methods for wild baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Measuring fecal testosterone in females and fecal estrogens in males: Comparison of RIA and LC/MS/MS methods for wild baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Safety Biomarkers in Preclinical Development

Male–female interactions in multimale groups of mountain gorillas

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