And yet it moves : Recovery of volitional control after spinal cord injury

Taccola, Giuliano; Sayenko, Dimitry G.; Gad, Parag; Gerasimenko, Yury; Edgerton, V. Reggie

doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.10.004

Cited by 161 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 280 publications

(350 reference statements)

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“…Computational modeling and neurophysiological studies have shown that both TSS and invasive (e.g., epidural spinal stimulation) approaches primarily recruit dorsal root afferent fibers (Hofstoetter, Freundl, Binder, & Minassian, 2018; Ladenbauer, Minassian, Hofstoetter, Dimitrijevic, & Rattay, 2010; Milosevic, Masugi, Sasaki, Sayenko, & Nakazawa, 2019; Minassian et al, 2007; Sayenko et al, 2015). Additionally, many other neural structures can be directly impacted by the electrical field, including axons, synapses, neuronal cell bodies, and glial cells (Taccola, Sayenko, Gad, Gerasimenko, & Edgerton, 2018). As such, mechanisms of spinal neuromodulation may also include activation of spinal interneural networks and antidromic activation of ascending fibers in the dorsal columns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between maximum tolerance and motor activation during transcutaneous spinal stimulation is unaffected by the carrier frequency or vibration

et al. 2020

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Transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) is a useful tool to modulate spinal sensorimotor circuits and has emerged as a potential treatment for motor disorders in neurologically impaired populations. One major limitation of TSS is the discomfort associated with high levels of stimulation during the experimental procedure. The objective of this study was to examine if the discomfort caused by TSS can be alleviated using different stimulation paradigms in a neurologically intact population. Tolerance to TSS delivered using conventional biphasic balanced rectangular pulses was compared to two alternative stimulation paradigms: a 5 kHz carrier frequency and biphasic balanced rectangular pulses combined with vibrotactile stimulation. In ten healthy participants, tolerance to TSS was examined using both single‐pulse (0.2 Hz) and continuous (30 Hz) stimulation protocols. In both the single‐pulse and continuous stimulation protocols, participants tolerated significantly higher levels of stimulation with the carrier frequency paradigm compared to the other stimulation paradigms. However, when the maximum tolerable stimulation intensity of each stimulation paradigm was normalized to the intensity required to evoke a lower limb muscle response, there were no statistical differences between the stimulation paradigms. Our results suggest that, when considering the intensity of stimulation required to obtain spinally evoked motor potentials, neither alternative stimulation paradigm is more effective at reducing discomfort than the conventional, unmodulated pulse configuration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between maximum tolerance and motor activation during transcutaneous spinal stimulation is unaffected by the carrier frequency or vibration

et al. 2020

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“…Numerous studies of different animal models of spinal cord injury (SCI) have demonstrated that modulating the physiological states of spinal networks, pharmacologically and electrically and in combination with motor training enables improved motor performance (Edgerton et al, 2004;Ichiyama et al, 2005;Gerasimenko et al, 2008;Lavrov et al, 2008;Courtine et al, 2009;Harkema et al, 2011;Rossignol and Frigon, 2011;Gad et al, 2013a,b;Angeli et al, 2014;Capogrosso et al, 2016;Formento et al, 2018;Gill et al, 2018). Specific pharmacology methods including the use of quipazine (Quip) (Fong et al, 2005;Ichiyama et al, 2008b;Gad et al, 2015;Taccola et al, 2018) and strychnine (Strych) (de Leon et al, 1999;Gad et al, 2013bGad et al, , 2015 have been effective in activation in the locomotor spinal neural networks to enable locomotor activity in rodent with severe paralysis. Similar interventional approaches have been observed in humans with a severe spinal injury .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Activity Detection Algorithm to Characterize Spontaneous Stepping During Multimodal Spinal Neuromodulation After Mid-Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Chia

Zhong

Vissel

et al. 2020

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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“…Plasticity in the operation of spinal neurons has been demonstrated within simple reflex pathways as well as in complex neuronal networks, e.g., those involved in locomotion, voluntary movements, or respiration (for references, see Fuller and Mitchell 2017, Rossignol et al 2008, Taccola et al 2018, and Wolpaw and Carp 2006. Changes have been also found in the excitability of nerve fibers (Jankowska 2017), the main issue of the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Long-term effects of direct current are reproduced by intermittent depolarization of myelinated nerve fibers

Bączyk

Jankowska

2018

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Direct current (DC) potently increases the excitability of myelinated afferent fibers in the dorsal columns, both during DC polarization of these fibers and during a considerable (>1 h) postpolarization period. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether similarly long-lasting changes in the excitability of myelinated nerve fibers in the dorsal columns may be evoked by field potentials following stimulation of peripheral afferents and by subthreshold epidurally applied current pulses. The experiments were performed in deeply anesthetized rats. The effects were monitored by changes in nerve volleys evoked in epidurally stimulated hindlimb afferents and in the synaptic actions of these afferents. Both were found to be facilitated during as well as following stimulation of a skin nerve and during as well as following epidurally applied current pulses of 5- to 10-ms duration. The facilitation occurring ≤2 min after skin nerve stimulation could be linked to both primary afferent depolarization and large dorsal horn field potentials, whereas the subsequent changes (up to 1 h) were attributable to effects of the field potentials. The findings lead to the conclusion that the modulation of spinal activity evoked by DC does not require long-lasting polarization and that relatively short current pulses and intrinsic field potentials may contribute to plasticity in spinal activity. These results suggest the possibility of enhancing the effects of epidural stimulation in human subjects by combining it with polarizing current pulses and peripheral afferent stimulation and not only with continuous DC. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The aim of this study was to define conditions under which a long-term increase is evoked in the excitability of myelinated nerve fibers. The results demonstrate that a potent and long-lasting increase in the excitability of afferent fibers traversing the dorsal columns may be induced by synaptically evoked intrinsic field as well as by epidurally applied intermittent current pulses. They thus provide a new means for the facilitation of the effects of epidural stimulation.

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And yet it moves : Recovery of volitional control after spinal cord injury

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 161 publications

References 280 publications

The relationship between maximum tolerance and motor activation during transcutaneous spinal stimulation is unaffected by the carrier frequency or vibration

The relationship between maximum tolerance and motor activation during transcutaneous spinal stimulation is unaffected by the carrier frequency or vibration

Novel Activity Detection Algorithm to Characterize Spontaneous Stepping During Multimodal Spinal Neuromodulation After Mid-Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Long-term effects of direct current are reproduced by intermittent depolarization of myelinated nerve fibers

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