Ancient plate kinematics derived from the deformation pattern of continental crust: Paleo- and Neo-Tethys opening coeval with prolonged Gondwana–Laurussia convergence

Kroner, Uwe; Roscher, Marco; Romer, Rolf L.

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.03.034

Cited by 64 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…These two orientations match the dominant structural fabric of shear zones and thrust faults throughout the Arunta Region (Figure ). During the second major period of metamorphic activity (D2; Figure ), the principal stress was oriented NNE‐SSW (Kröner et al, ), reactivating most of the shear zones and thrust faults oriented NW‐SE to WNW‐ESE (e.g., anastomosing shear zones in the Reynolds‐Anmatjira Ranges and Strangways Range; Ballèvre et al, ; Cartwright et al, ; Raimondo et al, , ). In our model, these structures are in a similar orientation to the main weak zones (i.e., the weak band and weak wedge), representing the Larapinta Rift and the Harts Range, respectively (Figures c and ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the westward tectonic stress influences on central Australia orogenesis have largely been ignored. Studies by Roberts and Houseman (2001), Klootwijk (2013), and Kröner et al (2016) correlate intraplate reactivation of central Australia with the mainly N-S convergence between Gondwana and Laurasia, forming the Qinling Orogen in the north (Figure 3a). Using numerical models, Roberts and Houseman (2001) showed that rotation of the north Australian block induced simultaneous extension of the Canning Basin in NW Australia and N-S convergence within an area of lithospheric weakness in central Australia.…”

Section: Current Models For the Formation Of The Asomentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Near the beginning of this period (approximately 370 Ma), the principal compressive stress directions in the ASO shifted from N‐S to NNE‐SSW. This change was due to displacement of the Euler rotational axes in the Gondwana and Laurussia supercontinents (Kröner et al, ). Metamorphism and deformation across the ASO are reduced for the period 360–340 Ma but spikes again with extensive sedimentation at approximately 340 Ma.…”

Section: The Paleozoic Aso: a Deeply Exhumed Example Of Intracontinenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this time, NW-SE sinistral shear was active offshore the NE boundary between the Australian and Pacific plates (Gray & Foster, 2004; Figure 3a). The end of this period Kröner et al, 2016). Palaeolatitudes are based on the palaeomagnetic model of Klootwijk (2010).…”

Section: 1029/2018tc005106mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intracontinental Orogeny Enhanced by Far‐Field Extension and Local Weak Crust

et al. 2018

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The accommodation of intraplate stresses in preexisting weak regions of plate interiors is here investigated using thin viscous sheet numerical models. The intraplate stresses are governed by multicomponent and multidirectional stresses originating at plate boundaries. The modeled scenarios mimic plate boundary conditions during the intraplate Alice Springs Orogeny (ASO), central Australia, and include (1) a northwest‐southeast zone of weak lithosphere within strong continental blocks to the north and southand (2) a principal south directed stress condition at the northern boundary that causes minor clockwise rotation of the northern block. Alternative tectonic environments are investigated in additional models that include (1) secondary compressional or extensional stresses acting at the eastern boundary, representing the temporally variable stress conditions during the Tasmanides Orogeny, and (2) an eastern wedge‐shaped zone of rheologically weak lithosphere, mirroring rift fill of the Irindina subbasin. Our results highlight that a low angle between major crustal features (e.g., orogenic elongation and preexisting regional structures) and the principal transmitted stresses is highly relevant in the concentration of elevated levels of differential stress and subsequent localization of deformation in plate interiors. Secondary stresses orthogonal to the principal acting stresses may introduce effects that explain the episodic orogenic activity in the case of the ASO. The combination of secondary extensional stresses at the eastern boundary of Australia and weak lithosphere of the preexisting Irindina subbasin strongly influences the observed spatial strain intensity, localization, and kinematics of deformation during the ASO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Models For the Formation Of The Asomentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Paleozoic Aso: a Deeply Exhumed Example Of Intracontinenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1029/2018tc005106mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intracontinental Orogeny Enhanced by Far‐Field Extension and Local Weak Crust

et al. 2018

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“…At a plate dynamics scale, the D 2 event in the MMD coincided either with the final closure of the Rheic Ocean (Nance et al, 2010(Nance et al, , 2012 or with the closure of the Paleotethys Ocean (Edel et al, 2018) depending of the scenario, through a general clockwise rotation of Gondwana relative to Laurussia. This took place from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian and resulted in the Alleghanian-Variscan orogeny (Chopin et al, 2014;Edel et al, 2018;Frizon de Lamotte et al, 2013;Hatcher, 2002Hatcher, , 2010Kroner et al, 2016).…”

Section: 1029/2018tc005002mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Geological Evolution of the Variscan Jebilet Massif, Morocco, Inferred From New Structural and Geochronological Analyses

et al. 2018

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The present work aims at understanding the tectonic evolution of the Jebilet massif, Morocco, during the Late Paleozoic as constrained by structural, metamorphic, and geochronological studies. From Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous, bordering faults controlled the opening of the Jebilet intracontinental basin (D0 stage) as shown by sedimentary infill. This episode was accompanied by a magmatic activity, newly dated between 358 ± 7 Ma and 336 ± 4 Ma. The first record of the Variscan event affected the Jebilet by the Late Visean‐Namurian and is represented by allochthonous superficial nappes emplaced at shallow depth in a moderately lithified sedimentary succession. D1 also developed regional‐scale recumbent folds trending E‐W that may suggest N‐S crustal shortening not generating crustal thickening nor contributing to metamorphism. The main Variscan D2 episode consists of a progressive evolution from bulk coaxial deformation to noncoaxial dextral transpression consistent with NW‐SE horizontal shortening, resulting in a moderate thickening. This episode was accompanied by HT‐LP metamorphism and syntectonic intrusions controlled by an inherited thermal anomaly in relation with the intracontinental rifting stage (D0). Based on previous age determinations from syntectonic leucogranite and metamorphic rocks, D2 is dated between 310 and 280 Ma. The tectono‐metamorphic evolution of the Jebilet massif can be correlated with a plate‐tectonic scenario evolving from, first a Late Devonian‐Early Carboniferous basin formation during stretching of the north‐Gondwana margin and initiation of the Paleotethys Ocean, and, second, to a Late Carboniferous‐Early Permian ocean closure (Rheic or Paleotethys Oceans depending of scenarios) that resulted in the final Variscan‐Alleghanian tectonics.

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Mathematical fundamentals of spherical kinematics of plate tectonics in terms of quaternions

Schaeben,

Kroner,

Stephan

2023

Math Methods in App Sciences

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To be a quantitative and testable tectonic model, plate tectonics requires spherical geometry and spherical kinematics in terms of finite rotations conveniently parametrized by their angle and axis and described by unit quaternions. In treatises on “Plate Tectonics” infinitesimal, instantaneous, and finite rotations, absolute and relative rotations are said to be applied to model the motion of tectonic plates. Even though these terms are strictly defined in mathematics, they are often casually used in geosciences. Here, their definitions are recalled and clarified as well as the terms rotation, orientation, and location on the sphere. For instance, infinitesimal rotations refer to a mathematical limit, when the angle of rotation tends to zero. Their rules do not apply to finite rotations, no matter how small their finite angles of rotation are. Mathematical approaches applying appropriate and feasible assumptions to model spherical motion of tectonic plates over geological times of hundreds of millions of years are derived including (i) sequences of incremental finite rotations, (ii) sequences of accumulating successive concatenations of finite rotations, and (iii) continuous rotations in terms of fully transient quaternions. The incremental and the accumulating approaches provide complementary views. While the relative Euler pole appears to migrate in the latter, it appears fixed in the former. Path, mean, and instantaneous velocity of the migrating Euler pole are derived as well as the angular and trajectoral velocity of the rotational motion about it. The approaches are illustrated by a geological example with actual data and a numerical yet geologically inspired example with artificial data. The former revisits the three‐plate scenario with stationary axes of two “absolute” rotations implying transient “relative” rotations about a migrating Euler pole and employs a proper plate‐circuit argument to determine them numerically without resorting to approximations. The latter applies an involved interplay of incremental and accumulating modeling inducing split–join cycles to approximate sinusoidal trajectories as reported to record plates' motion during the Gondwana breakup.

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Ancient plate kinematics derived from the deformation pattern of continental crust: Paleo- and Neo-Tethys opening coeval with prolonged Gondwana–Laurussia convergence

Cited by 64 publications

References 88 publications

Intracontinental Orogeny Enhanced by Far‐Field Extension and Local Weak Crust

Intracontinental Orogeny Enhanced by Far‐Field Extension and Local Weak Crust

The Geological Evolution of the Variscan Jebilet Massif, Morocco, Inferred From New Structural and Geochronological Analyses

Mathematical fundamentals of spherical kinematics of plate tectonics in terms of quaternions

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