Ancient Os isotope signatures from the Ontong Java Plateau lithosphere: Tracing lithospheric accretion history

Ishikawa, Akira; Pearson, D.G.; Dale, C. W.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.10.034

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This indicates the presence of landmass above sea-level, because andesitic volcaniclastic gravels were rounded by erosion during the transportation through river systems. This is also true in the 3.5 Ga Pilbara craton, Western Australia, where a huge oceanic plateau similar to the modern Ontong-Java plateau in the western Pacific (formed during Cretaceous time, Ishikawa et al, 2011;Utsunomiya et al, 2011) accreted to be preserved as fragments in the 3.5 Ga accretionary complex (Kitajima et al, 2008). Within the huge fragment, an excellent unconformity is present with basal conglomerate layers having rocks derived from on-land above sea-level in the 3.5 Ga Earth.…”

Section: Archean Earth and Thickness Of Oceanmentioning

confidence: 77%

The naked planet Earth: Most essential pre-requisite for the origin and evolution of life

Maruyama

Ikoma

Genda

et al. 2013

Geoscience Frontiers

125

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a b s t r a c tOur blue planet Earth has long been regarded to carry full of nutrients for hosting life since the birth of the planet. Here we speculate the processes that led to the birth of early life on Earth and its aftermath, finally leading to the evolution of metazoans. We evaluate: (1) the source of nutrients, (2) the chemistry of primordial ocean, (3) the initial mass of ocean, and (4) the size of planet. Among the life-building nutrients, phosphorus and potassium play a key role. Only three types of rocks can serve as an adequate source of nutrients: (a) continent-forming TTG (granite), enabling the evolution of primitive life to metazoans; (b) primordial continents carrying anorthosite with KREEP (Potassium, Rare Earth Elements, and Phosphorus) basalts, which is a key to bear life; (c) carbonatite magma, enriched in radiogenic elements such as U and Th, which can cause mutation to speed up evolution and promote the birth of new species in continental rift settings. The second important factor is ocean chemistry. The primordial ocean was extremely acidic (pH ¼ 1e2) and enriched in halogens (Cl, F and others), S, N and metallic elements (Cd, Cu, Zn, and others), inhibiting the birth of life. Plate tectonics cleaned up these elements which interfered with RNA. Blue ocean finally appeared in the Phanerozoic with pH ¼ 7 through extensive interaction with surface continental crust by weathering, erosion and transportation into ocean. The initial ocean mass was also important. The birth of life and aftermath of evolution was possible in the habitable zone with 3e5 km deep ocean which was able to supply sufficient nutrients. Without a huge landmass, nutrients cannot be supplied into the ocean only by ridge-hydrothermal circulation in the Hadean. Finally, the size of the planet plays a crucial role. Cooling of massive planets is less efficient than smaller ones, so that return-flow of seawater into mantle does not occur until central stars finish their main sequence. Due to the suitable size of Earth, the dawn of Phanerozoic witnessed the initiation of return-flow of seawater into the mantle, leading to the emergence of huge landmass above sea-level, and the distribution of nutrients on a global scale. Oxygen pump also played a critical role to keep high-PO 2 in atmosphere since then, leading to the emergence of ozone layer and enabling animals and plants to invade the land.To satisfy the tight conditions to make the Earth habitable, the formation mechanism of primordial Earth is an important factor. At first, a 'dry Earth' must be made through giant impact, followed by magma ocean to float nutrient-enriched primordial continents (anorthosite þ KREEP). Late bombardment from asteroid belt supplied water to make 3e5 km thick ocean, and not from icy meteorites from Geoscience Frontiers 4 (2013) 141e165Kuiper belt beyond cool Jupiter. It was essential to meet the above conditions that enabled the Earth as a habitable planet with evolved life forms. The tight constraints that we evaluate for birth and evolution of l...

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Section: Archean Earth and Thickness Of Oceanmentioning

confidence: 77%

The naked planet Earth: Most essential pre-requisite for the origin and evolution of life

Maruyama

Ikoma

Genda

et al. 2013

Geoscience Frontiers

125

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“…The presence of refractory harzburgite with a Fo content attaining 92 mol% is reported not only from the Izu–Mariana Forearcs (Parkinson et al, ) but also as xenoliths in basalts of deep mantle origin beneath the Ontong Java and Kerguelen plateaus (Hassler & Shimizu, ; A. Ishikawa, Pearson, & Dale, ). These harzburgites possess low 187 Os/ 188 Os ratios ranging from 0.123 9 down to 0.115 2, indicating ancient Re‐depletion ages of 0.6–1.7 Ga, which coincides with the melt extraction age of the source mantle of the high‐Si boninite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Did boninite originate from the heterogeneous mantle with recycled ancient slab?

et al. 2017

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Boninites are widely distributed along the western margin of the Pacific Plate extruded during the incipient stage of the subduction zone development in the early Paleogene period. This paper discusses the genetic relationships of boninite and antecedent protoarc basalt magmas and demonstrates their recycled ancient slab origin based on the T-P conditions and Pb-HfNd-Os isotopic modeling. Primitive melt inclusions in chrome spinel from Ogasawara and Guam islands show severely depleted high-SiO 2 , MgO (high-silica) and less depleted low-SiO 2 , MgO (low-silica and ultralow-silica) boninitic compositions. The genetic conditions of 1 346 C at 0.58 GPa and 1 292 C at 0.69 GPa for the low-and ultralow-silica boninite magmas lie on adiabatic melting paths of depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle with a potential temperature of 1 430 C in Ogasawara and of 1 370 C in Guam, respectively. This is consistent with the model that the low-and ultralow-silica boninites were produced by remelting of the residue of the protoarc basalt during the forearc spreading immediately following the subduction initiation. In contrast, the genetic conditions of 1 428 C and 0.96 GPa for the high-silica boninite magma is reconciled with the ascent of more depleted harzburgitic source which pre-existed below the Izu-Ogasawara-Mariana forearc region before the subduction started. Mixing calculations based on the Pb-Nd-Hf isotopic data for the Mariana protoarc basalt and boninites support the above remelting model for the (ultra)low-silica boninite and the discrete harzburgite source for the high-silica boninite. Yb-Os isotopic modeling of the high-Si boninite source indicates 18-30 wt% melting of the primitive upper mantle at 1.5-1.7 Ga, whereas the source mantle of the protoarc basalt, the residue of which became the source of the (ultra)low-Si boninite, experienced only 3.5-4.0 wt% melt depletion at 3.6-3.1 Ga, much earlier than the average depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle with similar degrees of melt depletion at 2.6-2.2 Ga. K E Y W O R D Sancient slab recycle, boninite, depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle, mantle heterogeneity, Mariana forearc, Ogasawara forearc, Pb-Nd-Hf isotopes, Re-Os model age | INTRODUCTIONThe upper mantle is mainly composed of the depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) mantle (DMM), which was considered to be a relatively uniform reservoir through stirring and homogenization by convection for over 4 billion years, at least in major element terms (Allégre, 2002;Tatsumi, 1995). On the contrary, accumulating evidence of isotopic and trace element observations indicates that the DMM is heterogeneous consisting of fertile and refractory peridotites including recycled crust (e.g. Allégre, 2002;Walker, 2016;Zindler & Hart, 1986;Zindler, Staudigel, & Batiza, 1984 Nowell, & Noble, 1999). The radiogenic affinity of the Indian-type mantle is ascribed to time-integrated contamination of plumes that brought up the remnants of subducted slab beneath the Gondwana continent (Anderson, 1982;Staudigel et al., 1991) o...

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“…Indeed, thick, refractory lithosphere has been imaged seismically beneath the Ontong-Java Plateau (Klosko et al, 2001). Mantle xenoliths from Malaita, on the southwest margin of the Plateau, include harzburgites that are interpreted to have formed as residues of plume melting that underplated pre-existing oceanic lithosphere (Ishikawa et al, 2011). These harzburgites have generally lower olivine forsterite contents than cratonic mantle (i.e., ≤Fo 92 ; Ishikawa et al, 2011), which is consistent with plateau melt fractions that are a minimum bound to those for oceanic crust generation in the Paleoproterozoic and Archean.…”

Section: Oceanic Crustal Thickness In the Archeanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of cratonic lithosphere: An integrated thermal and petrological model

Herzberg

Rudnick

2012

Lithos

179

101

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Ancient Os isotope signatures from the Ontong Java Plateau lithosphere: Tracing lithospheric accretion history

Cited by 61 publications

References 61 publications

The naked planet Earth: Most essential pre-requisite for the origin and evolution of life

The naked planet Earth: Most essential pre-requisite for the origin and evolution of life

Did boninite originate from the heterogeneous mantle with recycled ancient slab?

Formation of cratonic lithosphere: An integrated thermal and petrological model

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