Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Evolutionary History and Biogeography of Sloths

Delsuc, Frédéric; Kuch, Melanie; Gibb, Gillian C.; Karpinski, Emil; Hackenberger, Dirk; Szpak, Paul; Martínez, Jorge G.; Mead, James I.; McDonald, H. Gregory; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Billet, Guillaume; Hautier, Lionel; Poinar, Hendrik N.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.043

Cited by 106 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This find has also raised the critical question of a possible link between these Oligocene Puerto Rican chinchilloids and some of the "giant hutias" (Amblyrhiza Cope, 1868 and Elasmodontomys Anthony, 1916), for which a chinchilloid status is also strongly supported in the framework of that study (Marivaux et al, 2020). Although the pre-Pleistocene evolutionary history of these endemic "giant hutias" remains so far undocumented, lineages of these iconic recently-extinct rodents could have a very great antiquity on the islands, extending back more than 30 million years (as also recently demonstrated for West Indian sloths and coquí frogs; Delsuc et al, 2019;Presslee et al, 2019;Blackburn et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

3D models related to the publication: Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

Marivaux¹,

Vélez‐Juarbe²,

Antoine³

2020

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This contribution contains the 3D models of the fossil teeth of two chinchilloid caviomorph rodents (Borikenomys praecursor and Chinchilloidea gen. et sp. indet.) discovered from lower Oligocene deposits of Puerto Rico, San Sebastian Formation (locality LACM Loc. 8060). These fossils were described and figured in the following publication: Marivaux et al. (2020), Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies. Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

3D models related to the publication: Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

Marivaux¹,

Vélez‐Juarbe²,

Antoine³

2020

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“…Lett. 16: 20190947 molecular evidence is consistent with the synchronous arrival of terrestrial organisms to the region approximately 33.9 ± 1 Ma, while others clearly arrived through multiple overwater dispersal events throughout the Neogene or even earlier [8,13,15,35,36,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic studies have suggested a similar Oligocene arrival for at least some anuran taxa on the Puerto Rican and Hispaniolan banks, such as Leptodactylus [13] and Peltophryne [15].…”

Section: (C) Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The earliest record of Caribbean frogs: a fossil coquí from Puerto Rico

et al. 2020

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The nearly 200 species of direct-developing frogs in the genus Eleutherodactylus (the Caribbean landfrogs, which include the coquís) comprise an important lineage for understanding the evolution and historical biogeography of the Caribbean. Time-calibrated molecular phylogenies provide indirect evidence for the processes that shaped the modern anuran fauna, but there is little direct evidence from the fossil record of Caribbean frogs about their distributions in the past. We report a distal humerus of a frog from the Oligocene (approx. 29 Ma) of Puerto Rico that represents the earliest known fossil frog from any Caribbean island. Based on its prominent rounded distal humeral head, distally projecting entepicondyle, and reduced ectepicondyle, we refer it to the genus Eleutherodactylus . This fossil provides additional support for an early arrival of some groups of terrestrial vertebrates to the Greater Antilles and corroborates previous estimates based on molecular phylogenies suggesting that this diverse Caribbean lineage was present in the islands by the mid-Cenozoic.

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“…However, these results are preliminary inasmuch as the proposed position of Borikenomys is likely to evolve with additional morphological data. If this phylogenetic link is confirmed, these endemic giant Caribbean rodents could have a remarkable antiquity on the islands (as for Caribbean sloths [27,28] and coquí frogs [75]) and thus could represent a unique case of long-lived insular rodent lineage. Alternatively, these Oligocene Puerto Rican chinchilloids could have become extinct without descendants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

et al. 2020

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By their past and present diversity, rodents are among the richest components of Caribbean land mammals. Many of these became extinct recently. Causes of their extirpation, their phylogenetic affinities, the timing of their arrival in the West Indies and their biogeographic history are all ongoing debated issues. Here, we report the discovery of dental remains from Lower Oligocene deposits ( ca 29.5 Ma) of Puerto Rico. Their morphology attests to the presence of two distinct species of chinchilloid caviomorphs, closely related to dinomyids in a phylogenetic analysis, and thus of undisputable South American origin. These fossils represent the earliest Caribbean rodents known thus far. They could extend back to 30 Ma the lineages of some recently extinct Caribbean giant rodents ( Elasmodontomys and Amblyrhiza ), which are also retrieved here as chinchilloids. This new find has substantial biogeographic implications because it demonstrates an early dispersal of land mammals from South America to the West Indies, perhaps via the emergence of the Aves Ridge that occurred ca 35–33 Ma (GAARlandia hypothesis). Considering both this new palaeontological evidence and recent molecular divergence estimates, the natural colonization of the West Indies by rodents probably occurred through multiple and time-staggered dispersal events (chinchilloids, then echimyid octodontoids (spiny rats/hutias), caviids and lastly oryzomyin muroids (rice rats)).

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Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Evolutionary History and Biogeography of Sloths

Cited by 106 publications

References 61 publications

3D models related to the publication: Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

3D models related to the publication: Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

The earliest record of Caribbean frogs: a fossil coquí from Puerto Rico

Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

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