Ancient links between Siberians and Native Americans revealed by subtyping the Y chromosome haplogroup Q1a

Malyarchuk, B. A.; Derenko, Miroslava; Denisova, Galina; Maksimov, A. L.; Woźniak, Marcin; Grzybowski, Tomasz; Dambueva, Irina; Захаров, И. А.

doi:10.1038/jhg.2011.64

Cited by 63 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, autosomal analysis of the ancient Paleo-Eskimo genome suggested that this man had close affinities with the Nganasan, Koryak, and Chukchi of northeastern Siberia. In fact, four Koryaks also have Q1a* Y chromosomes (37), with the number of repeat differences being within the typical range of confirmed Q1a6 haplotypes. Thus, although a discontinuity in mtDNAs between the Paleo-Eskimo (38), given that Q1a6 is found at higher frequencies and with greater diversity in Eskimoan speakers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-chromosome analysis reveals genetic divergence and new founding native lineages in Athapaskan- and Eskimoan-speaking populations

Dulik

Owings²,

Gaieski³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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For decades, the peopling of the Americas has been explored through the analysis of uniparentally inherited genetic systems in Native American populations and the comparison of these genetic data with current linguistic groupings. In northern North America, two language families predominate: Eskimo-Aleut and Na-Dene. Although the genetic evidence from nuclear and mtDNA loci suggest that speakers of these language families share a distinct biological origin, this model has not been examined using data from paternally inherited Y chromosomes. To test this hypothesis and elucidate the migration histories of Eskimoan- and Athapaskan-speaking populations, we analyzed Y-chromosomal data from Inuvialuit, Gwich’in, and Tłįchǫ populations living in the Northwest Territories of Canada. Over 100 biallelic markers and 19 chromosome short tandem repeats (STRs) were genotyped to produce a high-resolution dataset of Y chromosomes from these groups. Among these markers is an SNP discovered in the Inuvialuit that differentiates them from other Aboriginal and Native American populations. The data suggest that Canadian Eskimoan- and Athapaskan-speaking populations are genetically distinct from one another and that the formation of these groups was the result of two population expansions that occurred after the initial movement of people into the Americas. In addition, the population history of Athapaskan speakers is complex, with the Tłįchǫ being distinct from other Athapaskan groups. The high-resolution biallelic data also make clear that Y-chromosomal diversity among the first Native Americans was greater than previously recognized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Y-chromosome analysis reveals genetic divergence and new founding native lineages in Athapaskan- and Eskimoan-speaking populations

Dulik

Owings²,

Gaieski³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…There is general agreement that the population(s) that founded the Americas originated from ancient Siberian populations Kolman et al 1996;Lell et al, 2002;Schurr 2004;Schurr et al 2010;Malyarchuk et al 2011;Mulligan et al 2008;Raghavan et al 2014a;Reich et al Pre-print version. Visit http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol after official publication to acquire the final version.…”

Section: Relationship Of Mongolian Populations To Populations Of the mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…North Central Asian (NCA) populations have been studied by many investigators but are underrepresented in more comprehensive population genetic surveys, such as the HGDP (Cann et al 2002;Rosenberg et al 2002;Li et al 2008) and non-recombining Y chromosome DNA (NRY)] (Chatters et al 2014;Duggan et al 2013;Fedorova et al 2013;Hertzberg et al 1989;Kemp et al 2015; Kitchen et al 2008;Kolman et al 1996;Lell et al 2002;Malyarchuk et al 2011;Malyarchuk et al 2013;Mulligan et al 2008;Nasidze et al 2005;Dulik et al 2012;Shi et al 2013;Starikovskaya et al 2004;Sukernik et al 2012;Raghavan et al 2014a;Volodko et al 2008;Zhong et al 2011;Zhong et al 2010), ancient DNA (aDNA, uniparental and autosomal) (Crubezy et al 2010;Keyser-Tracqui et al 2003, Keyser-Tracqui et al 2006Malyarchuk et al 2011;Raghavan et al 2014b). Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups offer a fairly crude inference of continental ancestry, conveying only information regarding possibly one or two top ancestry components while losing other ancestry information (Emery et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mongolians in the Genetic Landscape of Central Asia: Exploring the Genetic Relations among Mongolians and Other World Populations

et al. 2015

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Genetic data on North Central Asian populations are underrepresented in the literature, especially autosomal markers. In the present study we use 812 single nucleotide polymorphisms that are distributed across all the human autosomes and that have been extensively studied at Yale to examine the affinities of two recently collected, samples of populations: rural and cosmopolitan Mongolians from Ulaanbaatar and nomadic, Turkic-speakingTsaatan from Mongolia near the Siberian border. We compare these two populations to one another and to a global set of populations and discuss their relationships to New World populations. Specifically, we analyze data on 521 autosomal loci (single SNPs and multi-SNP haplotypes) studied on 57Pre-print version. Visit http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol after official publication to acquire the final version.populations representing all the major geographical regions of the world. We conclude that the North Central Asian populations we study are genetically distinct from all other populations in our study and may be close to the ancestral lineage leading to the New World populations.North Central Asian (NCA) populations have been studied by many investigators but are underrepresented in more comprehensive population genetic surveys, such as the HGDP (Cann et al. 2002;Rosenberg et al. 2002; Li et al. 2008) and Duggan et al. 2013;Fedorova et al. 2013;Hertzberg et al. 1989;Kemp et al. 2015;Kitchen et al. 2008;Kolman et al. 1996;Lell et al. 2002;Malyarchuk et al. 2011;Malyarchuk et al. 2013;Mulligan et al. 2008;Nasidze et al. 2005;Dulik et al. 2012;Shi et al. 2013; Starikovskaya et al. 2004;Sukernik et al. 2012;Raghavan et al. 2014a;Volodko et al. 2008;Zhong et al. 2011;Zhong et al. 2010), ancient DNA (aDNA, uniparental and autosomal) (Crubezy et al. 2010;Keyser-Tracqui et al. 2003, Keyser-Tracqui et al. 2006Malyarchuk et al. 2011;Raghavan et al. 2014b). Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups offer a fairly crude inference of continental ancestry, conveying only information regarding possibly one or two top ancestry components while losing other ancestry information (Emery et al. 2015). Other studies used contemporary autosomal DNA (Fedorova et al. 2013;Keyser-Tracqui et al. 2003;Keyser-Tracqui et al. 2006; Kidd et al. 2011a,b; Nasidze et al. 2006;Reich et al. 2012;Tian et al. 2008). These studies were excellent but many more autosomal markers must be investigated, particularly in sparsely studied populations such as Mongolians, especially OuterMongolians who have been less studied than Mongolians living in Chinese InnerMongolia whose demographic history is also somewhat different, to clarify population relationships.Progress in answering the questions posed above is underway though by no means are the answers definitive yet. In this report we shall review some of Pre-print version. Visit http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol after official publication to acquire the final version.the relevant studies that include population data from North Central Asia and contribute our findings...

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“…Many of these non-founder haplogroups were distributed within the Ancash sample, followed by the Andahuaylas sample, and then were sparingly present in the rest of the samples, except for Picota and Picota-Centro, which contain none (Appendix 2). We additionally screened R1b-M415 samples for R1b1a1-M73 (Malyarchuk et al 2011) to investigate the possibility that these R1b lineages, typically attributed to European male admixture, might instead be of Asian origin (Bortolini et al 2003;Kemp and Schurr 2010;Lell et al 2002), but no sample had the diagnostic M73 SNP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Genetic Structure of Traditional Populations in the Peruvian Central Andes and Implications for South American Population History

Cabana¹,

Lewis²,

Tito³

et al. 2014

Human Biology

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Abstract. Molecular-based characterizations of Andean peoples are traditionally conducted in the service of elucidating continental-level evolutionary processes in South America. Consequently, "western" Andean population genetic variation is often represented in relation to "eastern" variation among Amazon and Orinoco River Basin populations. This west-east contrast in patterns of population genetic variation is typically attributed to large-scale phenomena, such as dual founder colonization events and/or differing long-term microevolutionary histories.However, alternative explanations that consider the nature and causes of population genetic diversity within the Andean region remain underexplored.Here we examine population genetic diversity in the Peruvian Central Andes using mtDNA HVI and Y-chromosome STR data from 17 newly sampled 3 populations combined with published samples. Using this geographically comprehensive data set, we first re-assess the currently accepted pattern of western vs. eastern population genetic structure, which our results ultimately reject: mtDNA population diversities were lower, rather than higher, within Andean versus eastern populations, and only highland Y-chromosomes exhibited significantly higher within-population diversities compared to eastern groups.Multiple populations, including several highland samples, exhibited low genetic diversities for both genetic systems. Second, we explore whether the implementation of Inca state and Spanish colonial policies starting at about A.D. 1400 could have substantially restructured population genetic variation, and consequently constitute a primary explanation for the extant pattern of population diversity in the Peruvian Central Andes. Our results suggest that Peruvian Central Andean population structure cannot be parsimoniously explained as the sole outcome of combined Inca and Spanish policies on the region's population demography: Highland populations differed from coastal and lowland populations in mtDNA genetic structure only; highland groups also show strong evidence of female-biased gene flow and/or effective sizes relative to other Peruvian ecozones. Taken together, these findings indicate that population genetic structure in the Peruvian Central Andes is considerably more complex than previously reported and that characterizations of, and explanations for, genetic variation may be best pursued within more localized regions and defined time periods. 4Since at least the 1960s, characterizations of Andean peoples from a molecular perspective have been conducted peripherally, as part of larger investigative efforts in South America as a whole. These efforts have had two main goals: first, to inform debates on the peopling of South America and of the Americas writ large; second, to contribute to broad understandings of human micro-to macroevolutionary change. Both goals were vitalized by the work of James V. Neel, Francisco M. Salzano, and associated colleagues among tribal groups in Venezuela and Brazil. Thus, from the 1960s into the ...

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Ancient links between Siberians and Native Americans revealed by subtyping the Y chromosome haplogroup Q1a

Cited by 63 publications

References 43 publications

Y-chromosome analysis reveals genetic divergence and new founding native lineages in Athapaskan- and Eskimoan-speaking populations

Y-chromosome analysis reveals genetic divergence and new founding native lineages in Athapaskan- and Eskimoan-speaking populations

Mongolians in the Genetic Landscape of Central Asia: Exploring the Genetic Relations among Mongolians and Other World Populations

Population Genetic Structure of Traditional Populations in the Peruvian Central Andes and Implications for South American Population History

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