Ancient DNA Analysis of a Holocene Bison from the Rauchua River, Northwestern Chukotka, and the Existence of a Deeply Divergent Mitochondrial Clade

Vershinina, Alisa O.; Kapp, Joshua D.; Soares, André Elias Rodrigues; Heintzman, Peter D.; Lowson, C.; Cassatt-Johnstone, Molly; Shidlovskiy, Fedor K.; Kirillova, Irina; Shapiro, Beth

doi:10.1134/s0044513419100143

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Mitochondrial data have been recovered from numerous bison specimens originating from large parts of its Holarctic distribution (e.g., [125,128,129,[133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143]). These studies have, for instance, identified the existence of significant (but only occasionally associated) genetic and morphological variation.…”

Section: Bisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, studies using mtDNA, limited by the information obtainable from this uni-parentally inherited locus, have been unable to resolve all the questions about the evolution and taxonomy of the bison species [142]. For example, discordance between the inferred genetic affiliation from mtDNA and Y-chromosome sequences in contemporary European bison has been suggested to be due to a complex ancestry [144].…”

Section: Bisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ancient Faunal History Revealed by Interdisciplinary Biomolecular Approaches

et al. 2021

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Starting four decades ago, studies have examined the ecology and evolutionary dynamics of populations and species using short mitochondrial DNA fragments and stable isotopes. Through technological and analytical advances, the methods and biomolecules at our disposal have increased significantly to now include lipids, whole genomes, proteomes, and even epigenomes. At an unprecedented resolution, the study of ancient biomolecules has made it possible for us to disentangle the complex processes that shaped the ancient faunal diversity across millennia, with the potential to aid in implicating probable causes of species extinction and how humans impacted the genetics and ecology of wild and domestic species. However, even now, few studies explore interdisciplinary biomolecular approaches to reveal ancient faunal diversity dynamics in relation to environmental and anthropogenic impact. This review will approach how biomolecules have been implemented in a broad variety of topics and species, from the extinct Pleistocene megafauna to ancient wild and domestic stocks, as well as how their future use has the potential to offer an enhanced understanding of drivers of past faunal diversity on Earth.

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Section: Bisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient Faunal History Revealed by Interdisciplinary Biomolecular Approaches

et al. 2021

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“…In recent years, many genetic studies have been performed on steppe bison remains from Europe, Siberia and North America [ 3 , 10 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Earlier maternal phylogenetic analyses indicated that the analyzed specimens represented a relatively homogeneous population, that is, all samples analyzed clustered into the main bison mitochondrial clade [ 10 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This situation changed with the discovery of a frozen early Holocene bison carcass (9497 ± 92 14C yr BP) from the mouth of the Rauchua River, Chukotka, Russia (69°30′ N, 166°49′ E) [ 13 , 19 ]. Analysis of its mitochondrial DNA revealed that this individual fell outside the known genetic diversity of steppe bison, forming a deeply divergent sister lineage to all other bison mitochondrial sequences [ 19 ], hereafter referred to as bison haplogroup C. Surprisingly, further investigation of mitogenomes from 26 additional bison samples collected from northeastern Siberia, including sites at Rauchua River, Middle Indigirka River and the Bilibinsky region, showed that all the newly analyzed samples fell into the main Eurasian steppe bison clade rather than haplogroup C [ 17 ]. Hence, the Pleistocene to Holocene distribution of bison haplogroup C has remained unknown and its geographical origin is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the Pleistocene to Holocene distribution of bison haplogroup C has remained unknown and its geographical origin is still unclear. It has been suggested that bison carrying haplogroup C likely dispersed northward from their original habitat and escaped from the Late Pleistocene extinction event in the northern Siberian refuge [ 17 ], maybe similar to the Holocene survival of the giant deer ( Megaloceros giganteus B.) [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paleogenomes Reveal a Complex Evolutionary History of Late Pleistocene Bison in Northeastern China

Hou

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Genes

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Steppe bison are a typical representative of the Mid-Late Pleistocene steppes of the northern hemisphere. Despite the abundance of fossil remains, many questions related to their genetic diversity, population structure and dispersal route are still elusive. Here, we present both near-complete and partial mitochondrial genomes, as well as a partial nuclear genome from fossil bison samples excavated from Late Pleistocene strata in northeastern China. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian trees both suggest the bison clade are divided into three maternal haplogroups (A, B and C), and Chinese individuals fall in two of them. Bayesian analysis shows that the split between haplogroup C and the ancestor of haplogroups A and B dates at 326 ky BP (95% HPD: 397-264 ky BP). In addition, our nuclear phylogenomic tree also supports a basal position for the individual carrying haplogroup C. Admixture analyses suggest that CADG467 (haplogroup C) has a similar genetic structure to steppe bison from Siberia (haplogroup B). Our new findings indicate that the genetic diversity of Pleistocene bison was probably even higher than previously thought and that northeastern Chinese populations of several mammalian species, including Pleistocene bison, were genetically distinct.

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