Ancient Buildings and Masonry Techniques in the Southern Hauran, Jordan

Anastasio, Stefano; Gilento, Piero; Parenti, Roberto

doi:10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.4.4.0299

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…3-Characterizing the stratigraphic sequence of construction and phases formed the basis for understanding the chronological succession of construction, destruction, restoration, and repairs (Anastasio et al, 2016). Elements of stratigraphy are dated using published literature, available inscriptions, and the interpretation of radiocarbon data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Inferred Antique Earthquake Phases Recorded in the Roman Theater of Beit-Ras/Capitolias (Jordan)

Al‐Tawalbeh

Jaradat

Al‐Bashaireh

et al. 2020

Seismological Research Letters

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A Roman theater is recently being excavated at Beit-Ras/Capitolias in Jordan, which is one of the Decapolis cities, founded before A.D. 97/98. This is an archaeoseismological study that aims to investigate the temporal and intensity impacts of past earthquakes on the theater’s existing structure. A rich set of earthquake archaeological effects were identified, including deformed arches, tilted and collapsed walls, chipped corners of masonry blocks, and extensional gaps, indicating a seismic intensity of VIII–IX. The study identified at least two significant destruction phases that took part in the damage of the theater, which may have contributed to the abandonment of its major use as a theater at different periods. This is based on field observations of construction stratigraphy and damage features, the assessment of the observed destruction, and literature reports. The date of the first phase is bracketed between the establishment of the city (before A.D. 97/98) and the date of an inscription found in the walled-up orchestra gate (A.D. 261). The most likely candidate earthquake(s) for this immense destruction are the A.D. 233 and/or 245 events. Other moderate and less damaging events may have also occurred within the region but are not mentioned in available catalogs. After a major restoration, another earthquake phase occurred between A.D. 261 and Late Roman–Early Byzantine times, when the scaena wall tilted and collapsed, rendering the building useless and beyond repair. Subsequently, the theater was then filled with debris and was abandoned. The most probable causative earthquake of the second phase of destruction is an event in A.D. 363. The article provides a rich discussion of potential causative earthquakes, based on archaeoseismological, construction stratigraphy observations, and calibrated intensity of historical earthquake-based attenuation modeling. It identifies the potential phases and types of destruction and reuse.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Inferred Antique Earthquake Phases Recorded in the Roman Theater of Beit-Ras/Capitolias (Jordan)

Al‐Tawalbeh

Jaradat

Al‐Bashaireh

et al. 2020

Seismological Research Letters

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Imperial Architecture and Identity: An Introduction

Lorenzon¹,

Bonnie²

2021

Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies

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Imperial dynamics and the built environmentThis special issue of JEMAHS focusing on imperial architecture and identity is an elaboration of a workshop that took place at the University of Helsinki's Centre of Excellence in Ancient Near Eastern Empires and brought together scholars from different disciplines-architecture, archaeology, history, social science, and heritage studies-to discuss new interdisciplinary approaches to investigate identities in past societies and the role of architecture in shaping them.Over the last centuries, imperial architecture has been extensively researched in both Classical and Near Eastern archaeology as a separate, independent subject. While previously this field may have been labeled as "old fashioned" and "elite focused," the expanding geographical horizon of

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Ancient Buildings and Masonry Techniques in the Southern Hauran, Jordan

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Two Inferred Antique Earthquake Phases Recorded in the Roman Theater of Beit-Ras/Capitolias (Jordan)

Two Inferred Antique Earthquake Phases Recorded in the Roman Theater of Beit-Ras/Capitolias (Jordan)

Imperial Architecture and Identity: An Introduction

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