Ancestral polymorphisms of MHC class II genes: Divergent allele advantage

Wakeland, Edward K.; Boehme, Stefen A.; She, Jin Xiong; Lu, Chuanyong; McIndoe, Richard A.; Cheng, Ivan-Chen; Ying, Yun; Potts, Wayne K.

doi:10.1007/bf02918202

Cited by 139 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Positive selection of heterozygosity for the members of highly dissimilar lineages has been described in mice and called divergent allele advantage. 36 The asymmetrical selection for heterozygosity in males contrasts with the promiscuous heterozygote advantage model described by Flaherty 37 in which all heterozygotes would be favoured over all homozygotes. Our analysis showed that heterozygosity for the DRB1 alleles belonging to the same lineage is not selected in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Increased heterozygosity for MHC class II lineages in newborn males

et al. 2002

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Increased heterozygosity for MHC class II lineages in newborn males

et al. 2002

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“…This avoids reliance on unconfirmed assumptions, such as the position of PBRs in sea lion MHC or their functional homology to humans. The significance of allelic divergence at the MHC had in fact already very early been conceptualized in the divergent allele advantage hypothesis [10], but research in this direction has only recently gained momentum, and direct empirical evidence for an association between MHC divergence and survival or reproductive success has so far been lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heterozygous genotypes coding for two different MHC molecules are thus theoretically expected to enable broader antigen presentation and consequently confer elevated immune surveillance ('overdominance', [9]). This model has later been extended to the sequence level: if the two alleles in a heterozygous MHC genotype are highly divergent in sequence, their respective molecules are expected to differ proportionally in the repertoire of antigens they can bind and thus confer a more comprehensive immune surveillance than genotypes with less divergent alleles ('divergent allele advantage', [10,11]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent allele advantage at MHC-DRB through direct and maternal genotypic effects and its consequences for allele pool composition and mating

et al. 2013

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It is still debated whether main individual fitness differences in natural populations can be attributed to genome-wide effects or to particular loci of outstanding functional importance such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In a long-term monitoring project on Galápagos sea lions (Zalophus wollebaeki), we collected comprehensive fitness and mating data for a total of 506 individuals. Controlling for genome-wide inbreeding, we find strong associations between the MHC locus and nearly all fitness traits. The effect was mainly attributable to MHC sequence divergence and could be decomposed into contributions of own and maternal genotypes. In consequence, the population seems to have evolved a pool of highly divergent alleles conveying near-optimal MHC divergence even by random mating. Our results demonstrate that a single locus can significantly contribute to fitness in the wild and provide conclusive evidence for the 'divergent allele advantage' hypothesis, a special form of balancing selection with interesting evolutionary implications.

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“…Considering the allelic divergence of mates we tested the 'divergent allele advantage hypothesis' that predicts that a higher sequence divergence between MHC alleles gains a greater advantage in immunity than heterozygosity, as two different alleles could still be functionally similar (Wakeland et al, 1990). Consequently, females should prefer males with a high MHC sequence divergence to their own.…”

Section: The Mhc and Fertilization Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual selection for genetic compatibility: the role of the major histocompatibility complex on cryptic female choice in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

et al. 2017

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Cryptic female choice (CFC), a form of sexual selection during or post mating, describes processes of differential sperm utilization by females to bias fertilization outcomes towards certain males. In Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) the ovarian fluid surrounding the ova of a given female differently enhances the sperm velocity of males. Sperm velocity is a key ejaculate trait that determines fertilization success in externally fertilizing fishes, thus the differential effect on sperm velocity might bias male fertilization outcomes and represent a mechanism of CFC. Once sperm reach the oocyte, CFC could potentially be further facilitated by sperm-egg interactions, which are well understood in externally fertilizing marine invertebrates. Here, we explored the potential genetic basis of both possible mechanisms of CFC by examining whether the genotypic combinations of mates (amino-acid divergence, number of shared alleles) at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II explain the variation in sperm velocity and/or male fertilization success that is not explained by sperm velocity, which might indicate MHC-based sperm-egg interactions. We recorded sperm velocity in ovarian fluid, employed paired-male fertilization trials and evaluated the fertilization success of each male using microsatellite-based paternity assignment. We showed that relative sperm velocity was positively correlated with fertilization success, confirming that the differential effect on sperm velocity may be a mechanism of CFC in Chinook salmon. The variation in sperm velocity was independent of MHC class I and II. However, the MHC class II divergence of mates explained fertilization success, indicating that this locus might influence sperm-egg interactions.

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Ancestral polymorphisms of MHC class II genes: Divergent allele advantage

Cited by 139 publications

References 29 publications

Increased heterozygosity for MHC class II lineages in newborn males

Increased heterozygosity for MHC class II lineages in newborn males

Divergent allele advantage at MHC-DRB through direct and maternal genotypic effects and its consequences for allele pool composition and mating

Sexual selection for genetic compatibility: the role of the major histocompatibility complex on cryptic female choice in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

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