ANCA-associated vasculitis presenting with isolated neurological manifestations in a patient with cocaine abuse: a case report and literature review

Aseem, Fazila; Lin, Victor; Gilbert, Abigail L.; Rivadeneira, Alfredo C.; Jennette, J. Charles; Bouldin, Thomas W.; Khoshbakht, Freshta; Lee, Yueh. Z.; Chamberlin, Kelly; Gelinne, Aaron; Mehrabyan, Anahit C.; Javed, Bushra; Dujmovic Basuroski, Irena; Diaz, Monica M.

doi:10.1007/s10067-024-06919-2

Clin Rheumatol

2024

DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06919-2

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ANCA-associated vasculitis presenting with isolated neurological manifestations in a patient with cocaine abuse: a case report and literature review

Fazila Aseem,

Victor Lin,

Abigail L. Gilbert

et al.

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Cocaine- and Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis: Defining the Spectrum of Autoimmune Manifestations

Iorio,

Davanzo,

Cazzador

et al. 2024

JCM

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Drug-induced or associated vasculitis is a prevalent form of vasculitis that resembles primary idiopathic antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) vasculitis (AAV). Cocaine is a diffuse psychostimulant drug and levamisole is a synthetic compound used to cut cocaine. Their abuse may result in a spectrum of autoimmune manifestations which could be categorized into three overlapping clinical pictures: cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion (CIMDL), levamisole-adulterated cocaine (LAC) vasculopathy/vasculitis, and cocaine-induced vasculitis (CIV). The mechanisms by which cocaine use leads to disorders resembling AAV are not well understood. Cocaine can cause autoimmune manifestations ranging from localized nasal lesions to systemic diseases, with neutrophils playing a key role through NETosis and ANCA development, which exacerbates immune responses and tissue damage. Diagnosing and treating these conditions becomes challenging when cocaine and levamisole abuse is not suspected, due to the differences and overlaps in clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects compared to primary idiopathic vasculitides.

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Cocaine- and Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis: Defining the Spectrum of Autoimmune Manifestations

Iorio,

Davanzo,

Cazzador

et al. 2024

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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ANCA-associated vasculitis presenting with isolated neurological manifestations in a patient with cocaine abuse: a case report and literature review

Cited by 1 publication

References 33 publications

Cocaine- and Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis: Defining the Spectrum of Autoimmune Manifestations

Cocaine- and Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis: Defining the Spectrum of Autoimmune Manifestations

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