Anatomy, Physiology and Non-dental Disorders of the Mouth of Pet Rabbits

Donnelly, Thomas M.; Vella, David

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2016.04.004

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The ridges rostral to the premolars serve for food regurgitation, while the ridges between the cheek teeth serve for food mastication (Ike, 1990). Grinding of ingested food is facilitated by the muscle‐rich lingual prominence and the ridges of the hard palate (Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2017; Donnelly & Vella, 2016). The present result showed the presence of a short pair of palatine ridges opposite to the first molars in some specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical, histological, and surface ultrastructural evaluation of the palatal mucosa of domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Mahdy

Mohammed

2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The present study investigated the morphology of the palate of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Samples from 12 healthy adult rabbits were examined by gross observation, morphometry, scanning electron and light microscopy. The hard palate was elongated and narrowed rostrally. The incisive papilla appeared as a diamond‐shaped prominence flanked on both sides by a groove on which a slit‐like opening of the nasopalatine duct opened. The palatine raphe was in the form of a groove. On either side of the raphe, 14–16 palatine ridges were present. The direction of these ridges differed according to their position. An incomplete (short) palatine ridge was occasionally present at the caudal part of the hard palate. Several gland openings were scattered on the surface of the palatine ridges. The soft palate extended to about the middle of epiglottis caudally. Its ventral surface had numerous thin transverse mucosal folds separated by furrows, and several openings of glands. Histologically, the incisive papilla, palatine ridges, and soft palate were lined by a parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium resting on a dense connective layer of lamina propria. The degree of keratinization and the thickness of the lamina propria decreased caudally. Seromucoid glands were present in the rostral and caudal parts of the hard palate, as well as in the soft palate. In conclusion, the palate of rabbit presented characteristic features suggesting functional adaptations for their herbivores diet. Studying the morphological characteristics of the hard and soft palate of rabbits will help veterinary practitioners to investigate pathology malformations and diseases of the oral cavity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical, histological, and surface ultrastructural evaluation of the palatal mucosa of domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Mahdy

Mohammed

2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…Munhoz et al in 2017 evaluated the impact of xenograft (Gen-Ox) on the osseointegration of dental implants after the extraction of the lower incisors bilaterally [ 16 ]. The removal of the lower incisors may, however, have compromised the animal welfare, the rabbits are lagomorph animals which are entirely herbivorous, and the lower incisors are crucial for chewing and biting of food [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower incisors occlude against these secondary incisors. The main function of the secondary incisors is controlling the overeruption of the lower incisors and shaping their edges [ 26 ]. Hypothetically, the extraction of these secondary incisors will not affect the animal welfare and simultaneously subject the implants to indirect load from the lower incisors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel surgical model for the preclinical assessment of the osseointegration of dental implants: a surgical protocol and pilot study results

et al. 2021

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Background Dental implants are considered the gold standard replacement for missing natural teeth. The successful clinical performance of dental implants is due to their ability to osseointegrate with the surrounding bone. Most dental implants are manufactured from Titanium and it alloys. Titanium does however have some shortcomings so alternative materials are frequently being investigated. Effective preclinical studies are essential to transfer the innovations from the benchtop to the patients. Many preclinical studies are carried out in the extra-oral bones of small animal models to assess the osseointegration of the newly developed materials. This does not simulate the oral environment where the dental implants are subjected to several factors that influence osseointegration; therefore, they can have limited clinical value. Aim This study aimed to develop an appropriate in-vivo model for dental implant research that mimic the clinical setting. The study evaluated the applicability of the new model and investigated the impact of the surgical procedure on animal welfare. Materials and methods The model was developed in male New Zealand white rabbits. The implants were inserted in the extraction sockets of the secondary incisors in the maxilla. The model allows a split-mouth comparative analysis. The implants’ osseointegration was assessed clinically, radiographically using micro-computed tomography (µ-CT), and histologically. A randomised, controlled split-mouth design was conducted in 6 rabbits. A total of twelve implants were inserted. In each rabbit, two implants; one experimental implant on one side, and one control implant on the other side were applied. Screw-shaped implants were used with a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 2 mm. Results All the rabbits tolerated the surgical procedure well. The osseointegration was confirmed clinically, histologically and radiographically. Quantitative assessment of bone volume and mineral density was measured in the peri-implant bone tissues. The findings suggest that the new preclinical model is excellent, facilitating a comprehensive evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants in translational research pertaining to the human application. Conclusion The presented model proved to be safe, reproducible and required basic surgical skills to perform.

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“…Frahner, 1999; Tyndale‐Biscoe 2005; Popowics & Herring 2006; Croft et al . 2011; Sharp & Trusler, 2015; Donnelly & Vella 2016). For dietary inferences, we followed the approach that considers dietary niches to be variants in a continuum ( sensu Hutchinson 1959) rather than a fixed status (Codron & Clauss 2010; Damuth & Janis 2011; Codron et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snout shape and masticatory apparatus of the rodent‐like mesotheriid ungulates (Notoungulata, Typotheria): exploring evolutionary trends in dietary strategies through ancestral reconstructions

Ercoli

Armella

2021

Palaeontology

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Mesotheriidae were small to medium-sized native South American ungulates. Mesotheriids radiated from the early Oligocene epoch to the early-middle Pleistocene, in two subfamilies: Trachytheriinae and Mesotheriinae. Beyond the conspicuous fossil record, little is known about mesotheriid palaeobiology, and particularly, the dietary habits. To date, different studies suggest grazing habits, similar to some extant ungulates, but recent contributions are challenging this vision. Here, we explore dietary preferences in mesotheriids, focusing on food intake and oral processing strategies. We performed a shape analysis of the snout and reconstructed ancestral shapes to assess evolutionary trends within the clade. Also, we considered other morphological variables of the masticatory apparatus to perform a functional characterization. We recognized three snout configurations: Trachytherus, 'Intermediate' and Mesotherium morphotypes that can be associated with different food intake capabilities and, considering other morphological proxies, with the consumption of different food items.

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Anatomy, Physiology and Non-dental Disorders of the Mouth of Pet Rabbits

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Anatomical, histological, and surface ultrastructural evaluation of the palatal mucosa of domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Anatomical, histological, and surface ultrastructural evaluation of the palatal mucosa of domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

A novel surgical model for the preclinical assessment of the osseointegration of dental implants: a surgical protocol and pilot study results

Snout shape and masticatory apparatus of the rodent‐like mesotheriid ungulates (Notoungulata, Typotheria): exploring evolutionary trends in dietary strategies through ancestral reconstructions

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