Anatomy of the Lacrimal System

Burkat, Cat N.; Wei, Leslie A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10332-7_1

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The anatomy of the NDA has been described in detail elsewhere (Burkat and Lucarelli, 2006). In brief, tears from the conjunctival sac enter the puncta of both inferior and superior canaliculi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nasolacrimal drainage apparatus (NDA) consists of the superior and inferior canaliculi, common canaliculus, lacrimal sac, and nasolacrimal duct (NLD; Fig. 1; Burkat and Lucarelli, 2006). Segmental canalization of the ectodermal epithelial cords that develop into the NDA occurs simultaneously throughout their *Correspondence to: Tarik F. Massoud, Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant S-031, Stanford, entire length between the fourth and eighth months of gestation (Mafee, 2003;Sevel, 1981;Tanenbaum and McCord, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eponymous “valves” of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus. II. Frequency of visualization on dacryocystography

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Developmental remnants may follow segmental canalization of ectodermal epithelial cords forming the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus (NDA). This can result in false luminal “valves” along the path of the NDA, many of which have been named, but most have not been anatomically identified with consistency. By 1908, eight such “valves” were documented, those of: Foltz, Bochdalek, Rosenmüller, Huschke, Aubaret, Béraud or Krause, Taillefer, and Hasner or Cruveilhier or Bianchi. Digital subtraction dacryocystography (DS‐DCG) is the highest spatial resolution imaging technique available to outline in vivo NDA anatomy, luminal profile, and pathology. We believe this is the first report of the conspicuousness and frequency of these “valves” on DS‐DCG. We retrospectively analyzed routine DS‐DCGs with normal findings for the presence and frequency of the eight NDA “valves.” We examined 92 normal DS‐DCGs on patients aged 14–82 years (71% female, 29% male). We observed “valves” most reliably in the inferior nasolacrimal duct: the inferior valve of Hasner (plica lacrimalis) was present in 98.9% of cases, and more superiorly, the valve of Taillefer (93.5%) and the valve of Krause (79.3%). Contrastingly, we infrequently identified the very superior “valves”: Foltz or Bochdalek in 17.1%, Rosenmüller or Huschke in 46.4%, and Auberat in 40% of cases. Therefore, unlike the inferior NDA valves, these more superior “valves” were less consistently identified and are presumed to be simple mural mucosal irregularities rather than true structural valves. These findings will be useful in diagnostic interpretation of DS‐DCGs and therapeutic planning for patients undergoing luminal procedures on the NDA. Clin. Anat., 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eponymous “valves” of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus. II. Frequency of visualization on dacryocystography

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The anatomy of the LDS has been described in detail elsewhere [4]. In brief, tears from the conjunctival sac enter the puncta of both inferior and superior canaliculi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, our findings of bilateral LDS symmetry, and the first comprehensive morphometric measurements we provide for the entire LDS, can be of practical use clinically in therapeutic planning for patients undergoing luminal procedures on the LDS (dacryocystoplasty, endoscopy, stent placement, etc.) [4] especially when DCG images of one LDS may be used as an aid and digital roadmap for contralateral LDS interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative dimensions and symmetry of the lacrimal drainage system on dacryocystography: statistical analysis of morphometric characteristics

Horsburgh

Massoud

2013

Folia Morphol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Asymmetric lacrimal flow occurs in females more than males. We hypothesised that the normal lacrimal drainage system (LDS) may show subtle left-right asymmetry in morphometry when imaged on dacryocystography (DCG). Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 60 normal bilateral LDSs. Images were analysed for 7 parameters: (1) combined length of either the superior or inferior canaliculus plus common canaliculus, (2) angle of insertion of common canaliculus into lacrimal sac (LS), (3, 4) length and width of the LS, (5) length of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), and (6, 7) width of proximal and distal NLD. We tested

show abstract

“…The nasolacrimal drainage apparatus (NDA) consists of the inferior canaliculus, superior canaliculus, common canaliculus, lacrimal sac, and nasolacrimal duct (NLD; Fig. 1; Burkat and Lucarelli, 2006). Segmental canalization of the ectodermal epithelial cords that eventually develop into the NDA occurs simultaneously throughout their entire length between the fourth and eighth months of gestation (Sevel, 1981;Mafee, 2003;Tanenbaum and McCord, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eponymous “valves” of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus. I. A historical review

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The nasolacrimal drainage apparatus (NDA) is of interest to anatomists, radiologists, and ophthalmologists alike, owing to its intricate luminal contour, complex surrounding structural morphology, and its clinical relevance. Here, we review the history of anatomical descriptions of so‐called luminal “valves” of the NDA, including the numerous historical figures whose eponyms adorn the NDA. By 1908, multiple false “valves” that are likely no more than mounds of mucosa along the NDA had been recorded. In the modern era, these have all been largely considered speculative in nature and function aside from the consistently described true valve of Hasner (plica lacrimalis). Back then, eight so‐called “valves” were believed to be identifiable. These were the “valves” of Foltz, Bochdalek, Rosenmüller, Huschke, Aubaret, Béraud or Krause, Taillefer, and Hasner or Cruveilhier or Bianchi. With the advent of detailed characterization through modern high‐resolution imaging techniques, such as digital subtraction dacryocystography (DS‐DCG), many of these valvular folds have come into question owing to their inconsistent identification. This historical review should be useful for greater understanding and accurate contextual interpretation of “valves” encountered on DS‐DCG studies, and in clinical management and therapeutic planning of patients prior to undergoing luminal procedures on the NDA. Clin. Anat., 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

Anatomy of the Lacrimal System

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Eponymous “valves” of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus. II. Frequency of visualization on dacryocystography

Eponymous “valves” of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus. II. Frequency of visualization on dacryocystography

Normative dimensions and symmetry of the lacrimal drainage system on dacryocystography: statistical analysis of morphometric characteristics

Eponymous “valves” of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus. I. A historical review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About