Anatomy of the eye and orbit

Smerdon, David L.

doi:10.1054/cacc.2000.0296

Cited by 69 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This is particularly apparent when one tries to accurately model all or at least many of its comprising tissues. Average eye measures about 24 mm about pupillary axis and 23 mm in diameter [21]. We have assumed it to be of given dimensions, consisting of following eight homogeneous tissues: cornea, aqueous humour, lens, ciliary body, vitreous humour, sclera, choroid and retina.…”

Section: Human Eye Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetd Computation of the Temperature Distribution Induced Into a Human Eye by a Pulsed Laser

Cvetković¹,

Poljak²,

Peratta³

2011

PIER

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Abstract-In this paper we present the three-dimensional finite element time domain model of the human eye exposed to pulsed holmium: YAG laser radiation used in thermokeratoplasty procedure. The model is based on the Pennes' bioheat transfer equation and takes into account the focusing action of the lens. The absorption of laser energy inside the eye tissues is modeled using the Lambert-Beer's law. Model takes into account the pulse temporal profile. The maximum temperature values obtained from steady state and transient analysis are compared against those reported from other papers. Finally, sensitivity analysis of several parameters on the calculated temperature field is carried out.

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Section: Human Eye Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetd Computation of the Temperature Distribution Induced Into a Human Eye by a Pulsed Laser

Cvetković¹,

Poljak²,

Peratta³

2011

PIER

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“…Then, because of the linearity assumed in this model, all results of current density, heat loss and voltage must be scaled up accordingly. The geometrical data has been obtained from references [17,18]. The conductivities of the different tissues were adopted from existing literature [11,[14][15][16].…”

Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). A non-symmetric model should provide the opportunity to introduce asymmetric features in the model, such as the central retinal artery, optical nerve, and hyaloid canal [17].…”

Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic modelling of a human eye exposed to conductive keratoplasty

Peratta¹

2007

Modelling in Medicine and Biology VII

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This paper presents 3D numerical solutions of the current density, absorbed energy and initial impedance of the human eye exposed to conductive keratoplasty (CK) scenarios obtained with the boundary element method. CK is a non-ablative surgical technique for the treatment of mild to moderate hyperopia (far-sightedness). In a CK session a thin electrode penetrates the cornea delivering pulsed radiofrequency energy at 350 kHz to the surrounding tissue. The electromagnetic (EM) energy is dissipated into heat in the tissue surrounding the tip yielding thermally localised shrinkage and tightening of the collagen llamelae. When applied in a controlled way, this relatively new technique allows eye surgeons to correct the shape of the cornea and to treat common types of eye disease such as far-sightedness or astigmatism. This work examines in detail the induced currents that appear in the rest of the eye while delivering the EM signal. Quantitative estimations of the EM energy absorbed in each tissue per unitary voltage apart from the cornea is presented, as well as the impedance of the electrodes at initial time.

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“…The human eye presents three distinct compartments (the anterior and the posterior chambers and the vitreous body) and has ∼69–85 and 22–27 mm in circumference and anteroposterior diameter, respectively …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of PVA/glutaraldehyde hydrogels obtained using Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD)

et al. 2017

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Hydrogels are made from natural or synthetic polymers and, currently, they have many biomedical applications. In this work, the conditions for obtaining a hydrogel with similar physicochemical characteristics to the vitreous humor were defined using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GLUT) as cross-linker. The concentration of PVA and GLUT were modified, and their effect was analyzed in terms of the refractive index, density, and dynamic viscosity. The hydrogel which was obtained using 3.98% (w/V) of PVA, 3.13 mL (1.57 g) of GLUT in 100 mL, and the initial pH of 7.2 showed similar characteristics to the vitreous humor (density = 1.0174 ± 0.0050 g mL , dynamic viscosity = 3.7425 ± 0.1800 mPa s and refractive index = 1.3410 ± 0.0010). The hydrogels were further investigated by rheological measurements, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and determination of swelling degree. The reticulation with GLUT promoted an increase in viscosity and glass transition temperature. On the other hand, it stimulated a decrease in the swelling degree, crystallinity, melting temperature, and intensity of the band related to the -OH bond, compared with the PVA without reticulation. The reticulated hydrogel displayed Newtonian behavior and a higher apparent viscosity than the PVA. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1558-1566, 2018.

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Anatomy of the eye and orbit

Cited by 69 publications

References 1 publication

Fetd Computation of the Temperature Distribution Induced Into a Human Eye by a Pulsed Laser

Fetd Computation of the Temperature Distribution Induced Into a Human Eye by a Pulsed Laser

Electromagnetic modelling of a human eye exposed to conductive keratoplasty

Characterization of PVA/glutaraldehyde hydrogels obtained using Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD)

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