Anatomy of late orogenic extension: The Northern Apennines case

Keller, J.; Minelli, Giorgio; Pialli, G.

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(94)90060-4

Cited by 89 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition to the inferred coupling of various stages in their tectonic evolution, a spatial flexural coupling appears to exist between extensional basin formation in the offshore domains and adjacent onshore foreland fold and thrust belts. Such a coupling is supported by data collected in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea/northern Apennines (Keller et al, 1994), Valencia Trough/southern Pyrenean foreland basin (Zoetemeijer et al, 1990;Verges et al, this issue), the Albor~n Sea/Betic System Docherty and Banda, 1995) and the Pannonian/Carpathian system (I-Iorv~ith, 1993). Kinematic modelling studies of the extensional basins in the Gulf of Lion margin (Kooi et al, 1992), the Valencia Trough (Janssen et al, 1993) and the southern part of the Tyrrhenian Sea (Spadini et al, 1995) have provided quantitative estimates for necking depths and other parameters on the pre-rift lithosphere of the western Mediterranean basins.…”

Section: Alpine/mediterranean Basinsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Role of pre-rift rheology in kinematics of extensional basin formation: constraints from thermomechanical models of Mediterranean and intracratonic basins

Cloetingh

Wees

Beek

et al. 1995

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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The role of pre-rift rheology on the kinematics of extensional basin formation is examined. Constraints obtained on the effective elastic thickness and level of necking, inferred from forward modelling of a number of Alpine/Mediterranean basins (including the Gulf of Lion margin, the Valencia Trough, the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Pannonian Basin), are interpreted in terms of the pre-rift rheology of the lithosphere underlying these basins. The Gulf of Lion/Tyrrhenian Sea basins and the Pannonian Basin appear to be end-members in terms of the inferred depth levels of necking. The models support the existence of spatial variations in crustal and lithospheric strength, as inferred from previous rheological modelling for other segments of the European lithosphere, and provide constraints on the ratio of crustal and subcrustal strength during extension. The results of these studies are compared with predictions on the kinematics of extension for a number of intracratonic basins, including the Black Sea basins, the Transantar, ctic Mountains/Ross Sea and Saudi Arabian Red Sea margins, and the Baikal and East African rifts. The kinematics of extension appears to be largely controlled by the (transient) thermal regime of the pre-rift lithosphere and the crustal thickness distribution. These usually result from orogenic processes operating on the lithosphere before extensional basin formation. Predictions are made for the level of external forces required to initiate rifting in intracratonic and Alpine/ Mediterranean settings. The models also shed light on the relative parts played by far-field versus near-field stresses and inferred variations in strain rate during the evolution of these basins.

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Section: Alpine/mediterranean Basinsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Role of pre-rift rheology in kinematics of extensional basin formation: constraints from thermomechanical models of Mediterranean and intracratonic basins

Cloetingh

Wees

Beek

et al. 1995

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…Progressively eastern domains of the Adriatic foreland were affected by shortening and thrusting followed by extensional tectonics (Elter et al, 1975;Bally et al, 1986;Keller et al, 1994). Today, the eastern limit of normal faulting follows the topographic divide of the Apennines (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of pre-existing thrust faults and topography on the styles of extension in the Gran Sasso range (central Italy)

D’Agostino¹,

Chamot‐Rooke

Funiciello³

et al. 1998

Tectonophysics

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Structural analysis and field mapping together with simple geometrical and flexural elastic models, document that two styles of Quaternary extensional tectonics characterized the Gran Sasso range (central Apennines, Italy). In the western part of the range, extension took place on 10-15-km-long range-front normal faults with associated 600-1000-m-high escarpments showing evidence of Late Glacial-Holocene activity. This topography has been reproduced with a thin elastic plate subjected to the isostatic forces induced by the movement along high-angle (55º-65º) planar normal faults. In the eastern part of the belt extension occurred on shallow-dipping normal faults (30º-35º) which reactivated progressively deeper pre-existing thrusts. In this area antithetic 'domino' faults formed to accommodate the mechanical adjustment of the hanging-wall over a variably dipping major fault surface. The eastward increase in shortening, due to the earlier compressional phase, documented in the Gran Sasso belt by previous authors, accounts for the more developed zones of weakness and high topographic relief in the eastern sector. This setting could explain the different styles of extension and the more advanced northeastern limit of normal faulting in the eastern sector. This work suggests that normal faults can originate either with low-or high-angle geometry in the upper crust according to the pre-existing tectonic setting and that topography could be important in controlling the geometry and pattern of migrating normal faulting.

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“…Out-of-se quence faults are also found as so ci ated with de for ma tion seen in the sed i men tary rocks that come from the un der ly ing plate as the thrust sheet spreads to wards the fore land (Eng land and McKenzie, 1982). Oldow et al (1993), Keller et al (1994) and Carmignani et al (1994) in di cated that the ten sional stress field ob served in the in ner part of the Apennines co-ex ists with a compressional stress field in the fore land part of the belt. This dy namic as pect means that extensional struc tures are ki ne mat i cally linked with compressional struc tures and may rep re sent the evo lu tion in time of the col li sion pro cesses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Tectonic evolution of the Sicilian Thrust System (central Mediterranean)

Napoli

Nigro

Renda

et al. 2012

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. (2012) -Tec tonic evo lu tion of the Si cil ian Thrust Sys tem (cen tral Med i ter ranean). Geol. Quart., 56 (4): 579-600, doi: 10.7306/gq.1043The Si cil ian Thrust Sys tem (STS) is a south-verg ing (Af rica-verg ing) fold-and-thrust belt in clud ing a Me so zoic-Paleogene sed i men tary se quence. This thrust stack owes its or i gin to the de for ma tion of pre-orogenic strata de pos ited in dif fer ent palaeogeographic do mains belong ing to pas sive mar gins of the Af ri can plate. The STS was de formed dur ing the Neo gene, fol low ing the clo sure of the Tethys Ocean and the con ti nen tal col li sion be tween the Sardo-Corso Block and the north Af rica mar gins. The thrust pile was de tached from the un derly ing base ment dur ing the Mio cene-Pleis to cene. The re gional-scale struc tural set ting rec og nized al lows us to re con struct the tec tonic evo lu tion of the STS as fol lows: I -piggy-back thrust ing from the Late Oligocene to the Langhian, in duc ing the build ing of the In ner Sicil ian Chain (ISC); II -piggy-back thrust ing from the Langhian to the Tortonian, in duc ing the for ma tion of the Mid dle Si cil ian Chain (MSC); III -gen er al ized extensional de for ma tion in the chain-foredeep-fore land sys tem from the Tortonian to the Early Plio cene; IV -a new on set of piggy-back thrust ing af ter the Early Plio cene al lowed the build ing of the Outer Si cil ian Chain and out-of-se quence thrust ing in the pre vi ously de vel oped ISC and MSC.

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Anatomy of late orogenic extension: The Northern Apennines case

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Role of pre-rift rheology in kinematics of extensional basin formation: constraints from thermomechanical models of Mediterranean and intracratonic basins

Role of pre-rift rheology in kinematics of extensional basin formation: constraints from thermomechanical models of Mediterranean and intracratonic basins

The role of pre-existing thrust faults and topography on the styles of extension in the Gran Sasso range (central Italy)

Tectonic evolution of the Sicilian Thrust System (central Mediterranean)

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