“…The use of intertiles placed between film frames grew in parallel with the emergence of increasingly complex filmic narratives. Intertitles situated the action in a specific temporal and spatial setting, provided viewers with insights into the characters' inner thoughts and helped them negotiate the discrepancies between screen time and real time during a period when filmic techniques were rudimentary (Panofsky 1934;Dick 1990). Removing the original intertitles and inserting a new set of target language texts back into the film was all that was required to exploit it commercially in a foreign market.…”
Audiovisual translation focuses on the practices, processes and products that are involved in or result from the transfer of multimodal and multimedial content across languages and/or cultures. Audiovisual texts are multimodal inasmuch as their production and interpretation relies on the combined deployment of a wide range of semiotic resources or modes (Baldry and Thibault 2006), including language, image, music, colour and perspective. They are multimedial insofar as this panoply of modes is delivered to the viewer through various media in a synchronized manner (Negroponte 1991). Since the turn of the century, the combined effect of technological and statutory developments has prompted a significant and rapid expansion in the provision and study of assistive forms of audiovisual translation that aim to facilitate access to media content for sensory-impaired viewers. In assistive translations, the meaning conveyed in the source text through acoustic or visual signifying means is reencoded in written or spoken language-in subtitles for the hard of hearing and audio description for the blind, respectively. Concerned with intersemiotic rather than interlingual transfers of meaning, accessibility-driven practices have significantly widened the scope of audiovisual translation as a field of professional practice and domain of scholarly enquiry.
“…The use of intertiles placed between film frames grew in parallel with the emergence of increasingly complex filmic narratives. Intertitles situated the action in a specific temporal and spatial setting, provided viewers with insights into the characters' inner thoughts and helped them negotiate the discrepancies between screen time and real time during a period when filmic techniques were rudimentary (Panofsky 1934;Dick 1990). Removing the original intertitles and inserting a new set of target language texts back into the film was all that was required to exploit it commercially in a foreign market.…”
Audiovisual translation focuses on the practices, processes and products that are involved in or result from the transfer of multimodal and multimedial content across languages and/or cultures. Audiovisual texts are multimodal inasmuch as their production and interpretation relies on the combined deployment of a wide range of semiotic resources or modes (Baldry and Thibault 2006), including language, image, music, colour and perspective. They are multimedial insofar as this panoply of modes is delivered to the viewer through various media in a synchronized manner (Negroponte 1991). Since the turn of the century, the combined effect of technological and statutory developments has prompted a significant and rapid expansion in the provision and study of assistive forms of audiovisual translation that aim to facilitate access to media content for sensory-impaired viewers. In assistive translations, the meaning conveyed in the source text through acoustic or visual signifying means is reencoded in written or spoken language-in subtitles for the hard of hearing and audio description for the blind, respectively. Concerned with intersemiotic rather than interlingual transfers of meaning, accessibility-driven practices have significantly widened the scope of audiovisual translation as a field of professional practice and domain of scholarly enquiry.
“…When in Judy's hotel 'Madeleine' appeared again, after Scottie's transformation of Judy, their embrace is illuminated by a green neon light that comes from outside the window. As Johnson (1970) points out: 'Color helps elevate what might have been just a gimmicky melodrama into a haunting study of obsession and illusion' (p. 236) (See also, Cavell, 1979;Dick, 1990).…”
“…The emotional quality of color became one of the most important effects that could arise from its use. In Alfred Hitchcock's Marnie (1964), for example, the heroine has an intense aversion to the color red, a consequence of her attempt to suppress all memory of a murder committed at the time of her childhood (DICK, 1990). The film brings us into the color structure in a very effective way.…”
Section: However Later Arnheim Statesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When in Judy's hotel 'Madeleine' appeared again, after Scottie's transformation of Judy, their embrace is illuminated by a green neon light that comes from outside the window. As Johnson (1970) (JOHNSON, 1970;CAVELL, 1979;DICK, 1990).…”
Section: However Later Arnheim Statesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When, in a black-and-white film, there is a reference to any specific color, this is no less effective because the color cannot be seen. As Dick (1990) points out:…”
The use of color in cinema involves explanations and associations at different levels: (1) the physical, in the way that color can affect the viewer giving him/her a more or less pleasing feeling; (2) the psychological, because color can stimulate psychological responses; and (3) the aesthetic, because colors can be chosen selectively according to the effect they can produce, considering their balance, proportion and composition within the film. This article will consider these three characteristics of color and some film examples, in order to discuss about the role of color in cinema.
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