Music therapy, which is widely recommended for patients living with chronic problems, is actually a mind-body therapy. This therapy, which has been used clinically for more than a century, is one of the oldest treatment methods and is known to have been used in the treatment of patients in various cultures for four thousand years. Music therapy, known as simple harmonic movement, is rich in psychological and physiological effects. Used to support emotional, mental, and physical health, music therapy is an integrative art therapy method that provides a way to express feelings and experiences that cannot easily be expressed through words. Particularly in recent years, it has been observed that interest in traditional and complementary medicine in the field of health has increased worldwide. In this context, music therapy, one of the art therapy methods, attracts attention as a treatment method preferred by people among medical alternative treatment methods. In this section, the journey of music therapy from past to present and the neurophysiology of music are briefly explained and its effects on health problems are discussed in the light of findings in the literature.