Anatomy of a perforator flap based on the superficial circumflex iliac artery. A cadaveric study

Abstract

Introduction: The groin flap, based on the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA), was the first successful free flap. It has mainly been used in lower-limb and hand reconstruction with few reports in the literature of its use in soft-tissue head and neck reconstruction. Methods: Five fresh cadaveric dissections were performed and the following parameters were recorded; the presence or absence of the SCIA, and if present, its branching pattern, the diameter of the SCIA and the length of the pedicle. Results: The superficial circumflex iliac vessels were absent in 40%. When present, the SCIA branches off separately from the femoral artery. A deep branch of the SCIA was found in 40%. The mean diameter at origin was 1.5 mm on average. Conclusion: The small vessel calibers and the short pedicle length along with the variable anatomy of the region make the SCIP flap a challenging reconstructive option.