Anatomy of a fluid pipe in the Norway Basin: Initiation, propagation and 3D shape

Gay, Aurélien; Mourgues, R.; Berndt, Christian; Bureau, D.; Planke, Sverre; Laurent, Dimitri; Gautier, Stéphanie; Lauer, Christine; Loggia, D.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2012.08.010

Cited by 53 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The peak pressures at large rates, when fluid leakoff is limited, compare well with the injection experiments in triaxial cells [Bohloli and de Pater, 2006;Zhou et al, 2010;Hurt and Germanovich, 2012]. The numerical analysis also reveals intriguing tip kinematics field for the growth of a fluid channel, which may shed light on the occurrence of the apical inverted-cone features in sandstone and magma intrusion [Cartwright et al, 2008;Mathieu et al, 2008;Abdelmalak et al, 2012;Gay et al, 2012]. The problem analyzed in this work is most relevant to geological storage in a depleted reservoir due to the assumption of an initially dry medium.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Similar experiments are also performed to model venting dynamics [Mörz et al, 2007;Nermoen et al, 2010;Gay et al, 2012]. In some experiments with fine grain silica flour, the cohesiveness and the relatively low permeability result in the pressure histories showing characteristics of the toughness-dominated behaviors with the square root singularity [e.g., Galland et al, 2007Galland et al, , 2009.…”

Section: Background and Experimental Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupled discrete element modeling of fluid injection into dense granular media

2013

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[1] The coupled displacement process of fluid injection into a dense granular medium is investigated numerically using a discrete element method (DEM) code PFC2D r coupled with a pore network fluid flow scheme. How a dense granular medium behaves in response to fluid injection is a subject of fundamental and applied research interests to better understand subsurface processes such as fluid or gas migration and formation of intrusive features as well as engineering applications such as hydraulic fracturing and geological storage in unconsolidated formations. The numerical analysis is performed with DEM executing the mechanical calculation and the network model solving the Hagen-Poiseuille equation between the pore spaces enclosed by chains of particles and contacts. Hydromechanical coupling is realized by data exchanging at predetermined time steps. The numerical results show that increase in the injection rate and the invading fluid viscosity and decrease in the modulus and permeability of the medium result in fluid flow behaviors displaying a transition from infiltration-governed to infiltration-limited and the granular medium responses evolving from that of a rigid porous medium to localized failure leading to the development of preferential paths. The transition in the fluid flow and granular medium behaviors is governed by the ratio between the characteristic times associated with fluid injection and hydromechanical coupling. The peak pressures at large injection rates when fluid leakoff is limited compare well with those from the injection experiments in triaxial cells in the literature. The numerical analysis also reveals intriguing tip kinematics field for the growth of a fluid channel, which may shed light on the occurrence of the apical inverted-conical features in sandstone and magma intrusion in unconsolidated formations.Citation: Zhang, F., B. Damjanac, and H. Huang (2013), Coupled discrete element modeling of fluid injection into dense granular media,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Background and Experimental Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled discrete element modeling of fluid injection into dense granular media

2013

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“…Based on our findings, we then re-evaluate the suggestion of Gay et al (2012) that the GGV can be used as a study site for constraining the geological processes that are or were active in the deep part of the Vøring Basin.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…2). This reflector has been previously called Base Late Pliocene Unconformity (Hjelstuen et al, 1997(Hjelstuen et al, , 1999a, Base Pliocene reflector (Reemst et al, 1996), Base Upper Pliocene (Eidvin et al 1998;Corfield et al, 2004), and Top Kai (Hansen et al, 2005;Gay et al, 2012). Throughout this paper, we use the term Base Pleistocene Unconformity (BPU), which is in agreement with the Geologic Time Scale of 2012 (Gradstein et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 88%

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Seal bypass at the Giant Gjallar Vent (Norwegian Sea): Indications for a new phase of fluid venting at a 56-Ma-old fluid migration system

et al. 2014

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The Giant Gjallar Vent (GGV), located in the Vøring Basin off mid-Norway, is one of the largest (~5 × 3 km) vent systems in the North Atlantic. The vent represents a reactivated former hydrothermal system that formed at about 56 Ma. It is fed by two pipes of 440 m and 480 m diameter that extend from the Lower Eocene section up to the Base Pleistocene Unconformity (BPU). Previous studies based on 3D seismic data differ in their interpretations of the present activity of the GGV, describing the system as buried and as reactivated in the Upper Pliocene. We present a new interpretation of the GGV's reactivation, using high-resolution 2D seismic and Parasound data. Despite the absence of A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT2 geochemical and hydroacoustic indications for fluid escape into the water column, the GGV appears to be active because of various seismic anomalies which we interpret to indicate the presence of free gas in the subsurface. The anomalies are confined to the Kai Formation beneath the BPU and the overlying Naust Formation, which are interpreted to act as a seal to upward fluid migration. The seal is breached by focused fluid migration at one location where an up to 100 m wide chimney-like anomaly extends from the BPU up to the seafloor. We propose that further overpressure build-up in response to sediment loading and continued gas ascent beneath the BPU will eventually lead to large-scale seal bypass, starting a new phase of venting at the GGV.

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Submarine gas seepage in a mixed contractional and shear deformation regime: Cases from the Hikurangi oblique‐subduction margin

Plaza‐Faverola

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Crutchley

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Gas seepage from marine sediments has implications for understanding feedbacks between the global carbon reservoir, seabed ecology, and climate change. Although the relationship between hydrates, gas chimneys, and seafloor seepage is well established, the nature of fluid sources and plumbing mechanisms controlling fluid escape into the hydrate zone and up to the seafloor remain one of the least understood components of fluid migration systems. In this study, we present the analysis of new three-dimensional high-resolution seismic data acquired to investigate fluid migration systems sustaining active seafloor seepage at Omakere Ridge, on the Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand. The analysis reveals at high resolution, complex overprinting fault structures (i.e., protothrusts, normal faults from flexural extension, and shallow (<1 km) arrays of oblique shear structures) implicated in fluid migration within the gas hydrate stability zone in an area of 2 3 7 km. In addition to fluid migration systems sustaining seafloor seepage on both sides of a central thrust fault, the data show seismic evidence for subseafloor gas-rich fluid accumulation associated with proto-thrusts and extensional faults. In these latter systems fluid pressure dissipation through time has been favored, hindering the development of gas chimneys. We discuss the elements of the distinct fluid migration systems and the influence that a complex partitioning of stress may have on the evolution of fluid flow systems in active subduction margins.

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Anatomy of a fluid pipe in the Norway Basin: Initiation, propagation and 3D shape

Cited by 53 publications

References 71 publications

Coupled discrete element modeling of fluid injection into dense granular media

Coupled discrete element modeling of fluid injection into dense granular media

Seal bypass at the Giant Gjallar Vent (Norwegian Sea): Indications for a new phase of fluid venting at a 56-Ma-old fluid migration system

Submarine gas seepage in a mixed contractional and shear deformation regime: Cases from the Hikurangi oblique‐subduction margin

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